Johns Hopkins Medicine Collaboration - Anadolu Medical Center

Anesthesia is used every day in hospitals to block pain and even the memory of the pain, but doctors don't know exactly how it works. The three main categories are general anesthesia, regional anesthesia and local anesthesia.

Pain management, pain medicine, pain control or algiatry, is a branch of medicine employing an interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those living with chronic pain. The typical pain management team includes medical practitioners, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, nurses.

The duodenal switch (DS) procedure, also known as biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) or gastric reduction duodenal switch (GRDS), is a weight loss surgery procedure that is composed of a restrictive and a malabsorptive aspect.

An intragastric balloon is a newer kind of weight-loss procedure. A saline-filled silicone balloon is placed in your stomach, which helps you lose weight by limiting how much you can eat. It also makes you feel fuller faster.

The full names for the three types of restrictive surgery for weight loss are: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Vertical banded gastroplasty. Sleeve gastrectomy. Gastric banding is a type of weight loss surgery. It decreases food intake by reducing stomach size, so that the person feels full sooner.

The incidence of cholecystectomy is highest during the first 6 months after bariatric surgery but is overall low at 4%. Gastric bypass patients are more likely to require cholecystectomy compared to band and sleeve patients.

Gastric bypass is surgery that helps you lose weight by changing how your stomach and small intestine handle the food you eat. After the surgery, your stomach will be smaller. You will feel full with less food. The food you eat will no longer go into some parts of your stomach and small intestine that absorb food.

Sleeve gastrectomy, also known as "sleeve," is a surgery in which the stomach is permanently reduced to 15 – 25% of its original size, leaving a banana-shaped portion that has both restrictive and malabsorptive qualities to effect weight loss.

Gastric stapling surgery, also called gastric banding surgery, is a type of bariatric surgery (weight loss surgery) procedure performed to limit the amount of food a person can eat. ... Because the size of the stomach is reduced so dramatically, this type of procedure is referred to as a restrictive procedure.

Typical Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Except APL) Treatment of most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is typically divided into 2 chemotherapy (chemo) phases: Remission induction (often just called induction) Consolidation (post-remission therapy)

Typical Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Except APL) Treatment of most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is typically divided into 2 chemotherapy (chemo) phases: Remission induction (often just called induction) Consolidation (post-remission therapy)

Bladder cancer is any of several types of cancer arising from the tissues of the urinary bladder. It is a disease in which cells grow abnormally and have the potential to spread to other parts of the body. Symptoms include blood in the urine, pain with urination, and low back pain.

Bone cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells that make up the bones of the body. This is also known as primary bone cancer. Primary bone tumors are tumors that arise in the bone tissue itself, and they may be benign or malignant (bone cancer). Benign (non-cancerous) tumors in the bones are more common than bone cancers.

Brachytherapy (brak-e-THER-uh-pee) is a procedure that involves placing radioactive material inside your body. Brachytherapy is one type of radiation therapy that's used to treat cancer. Brachytherapy is sometimes called internal radiation. Brachytherapy allows doctors to deliver higher doses of radiation to more-specific areas of the body, compared with the conventional form of radiation therapy (external beam radiation) that projects radiation from a machine outside of your body. Brachytherapy may cause fewer side effects than does external beam radiation, and the overall treatment time is usually shorter with brachytherapy.

Brain cancer is an overgrowth of cells in your brain that forms masses called tumors. Cancerous, or malignant, brain tumors tend to grow very quickly. They disrupt the way your body works, and this can be life-threatening.

A brain tumor is a mass or growth of abnormal cells in your brain. Many different types of brain tumors exist. Some brain tumors are noncancerous (benign), and some brain tumors are cancerous (malignant). Brain tumors can begin in your brain (primary brain tumors), or cancer can begin in other parts of your body and spread to your brain (secondary, or metastatic, brain tumors). How quickly a brain tumor grows can vary greatly. The growth rate as well as location of a brain tumor determines how it will affect the function of your nervous system. Brain tumor treatment options depend on the type of brain tumor you have, as well as its size and location.

Breast cancer starts when cells in the breast begin to grow out of control. These cells usually form a tumor that can often be seen on an x-ray or felt as a lump. The tumor is malignant (cancer) if the cells can grow into (invade) surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body.

Breast cancer starts when cells in the breast begin to grow out of control. These cells usually form a tumor that can often be seen on an x-ray or felt as a lump. The tumor is malignant (cancer) if the cells can grow into (invade) surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body.

About Cancer Screening

About Cancer Staging

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix — the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Various strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, play a role in causing most cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix — the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Various strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, play a role in causing most cervical cancer.

Chemotherapy (chemo) is a type of treatment that includes a medication or combination of medications to treat cancer. The goal of chemo is to stop or slow the growth of cancer cells. Chemo is considered a systemic therapy. This means it may affect your entire body.

Chemotherapy (chemo) is a type of treatment that includes a medication or combination of medications to treat cancer. The goal of chemo is to stop or slow the growth of cancer cells. Chemo is considered a systemic therapy. This means it may affect your entire body.

About Chronic Leukemia Treatment

Colon cancer is cancer of the large intestine (colon), which is the final part of your digestive tract. Most cases of colon cancer begin as small, noncancerous (benign) clumps of cells called adenomatous polyps. Over time some of these polyps can become colon cancers.

Colon cancer is cancer of the large intestine (colon), which is the final part of your digestive tract. Most cases of colon cancer begin as small, noncancerous (benign) clumps of cells called adenomatous polyps. Over time some of these polyps can become colon cancers.

Colorectal cancer is a cancer that starts in the colon or the rectum. These cancers can also be named colon cancer or rectal cancer, depending on where they start. Colon cancer and rectal cancer are often grouped together because they have many features in common. Cancer starts when cells in the body start to grow out of control. Cells in nearly any part of the body can become cancer, and can spread to other areas of the body

Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the uterus. The uterus is the hollow, pear-shaped pelvic organ in women where fetal development occurs. Endometrial cancer begins in the layer of cells that form the lining (endometrium) of the uterus. Endometrial cancer is sometimes called uterine cancer.

Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the uterus. The uterus is the hollow, pear-shaped pelvic organ in women where fetal development occurs. Endometrial cancer begins in the layer of cells that form the lining (endometrium) of the uterus. Endometrial cancer is sometimes called uterine cancer.

About Esophageal Cancer Treatment

About Gallbladder Cancer Treatment

About Gallbladder Cancer Treatment

Gastric cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lining of the stomach. Age, diet, and stomach disease can affect the risk of developing gastric cancer. Symptoms of gastric cancer include indigestion and stomach discomfort or pain.

Gene therapy is designed to introduce genetic material into cells to compensate for abnormal genes or to make a beneficial protein.

Hematology-oncology: The diagnosis, treatment and prevention of blood diseases (hematology) and cancer (oncology) and research into them.

Hormonal therapy is a treatment that adds, blocks or removes hormones to slow or stop the growth of cancer cells that need hormones to grow. Hormonal therapy is also called hormone withdrawal therapy, hormone manipulation or endocrine therapy.

Hormonal therapy is a treatment that adds, blocks or removes hormones to slow or stop the growth of cancer cells that need hormones to grow. Hormonal therapy is also called hormone withdrawal therapy, hormone manipulation or endocrine therapy.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) causes brief and severe intensity unilateral facial pain that is electric shock-like, shooting, stabbing, or sharp in quality.It occurs in one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve, and there is no clinically evident neurological deficit. Most cases of TN are produced by compression of the trigeminal nerve root within a few millimeters of entry into the pons, specifically the root entry zone. Painful triggers include chewing, brushing the teeth, wind on the face, or touching the face.

Image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) is the use of imaging during radiation therapy to improve the precision and accuracy of treatment delivery. IGRT is used to treat tumors in areas of the body that move, such as the lungs.

About Immunotherapy

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is an advanced mode of high-precision radiotherapy that uses computer-controlled linear accelerators to deliver precise radiation doses to a malignant tumor or specific areas within the tumor.

Kidney cancer -- also called renal cancer -- is a disease in which kidney cells become malignant (cancerous) and grow out of control, forming a tumor. This type of kidney cancer is called renal cell carcinoma. The good news is that most of kidney cancers are found before they spread (metastasize) to distant organs.

Kidney cancer -- also called renal cancer -- is a disease in which kidney cells become malignant (cancerous) and grow out of control, forming a tumor. This type of kidney cancer is called renal cell carcinoma. The good news is that most of kidney cancers are found before they spread (metastasize) to distant organs.

About Laryngeal Cancer Treatment

Liver cancer is cancer that begins in the cells of your liver. The most common type of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma, which begins in the main type of liver cell (hepatocyte). Other types of liver cancer, such as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatoblastoma, are much less common.

Liver cancer is cancer that begins in the cells of your liver. The most common type of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma, which begins in the main type of liver cell (hepatocyte). Other types of liver cancer, such as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatoblastoma, are much less common.

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. Your lungs are two spongy organs in your chest that take in oxygen when you inhale and release carbon dioxide when you exhale.

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. Your lungs are two spongy organs in your chest that take in oxygen when you inhale and release carbon dioxide when you exhale.

Lymphoma is a group of blood cancers that develop from lymphocytes The name often refers to just the cancerous versions rather than all such tumors.

Melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer, develops in the cells (melanocytes) that produce melanin — the pigment that gives your skin its color. Melanoma can also form in your eyes and, rarely, in internal organs, such as your intestines.

Malignant mesothelioma is a type of cancer that occurs in the thin layer of tissue that covers the majority of your internal organs (mesothelium).

Metastatic cancer is cancer that has spread from where it started to another part of the body.

Mohs Surgery or Mohs micrographic surgery is considered the most effective technique for treating many basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), the two most common types of skin cancer.

Mohs Surgery or Mohs micrographic surgery is considered the most effective technique for treating many basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), the two most common types of skin cancer.

Mouth cancer, also known as oral cancer, is where a tumour develops in the lining of the mouth. It may be on the surface of the tongue, the insides of the cheeks, the roof of the mouth (palate), or the lips or gums.

Neuroblastoma is a form of cancer that starts in certain types of very primitive nerve cells found in an embryo or fetus.

About Oncology Consultation

Oral cancer is cancer that develops in the tissues of the mouth or throat. It belongs to a larger group of cancers called head and neck cancers.

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries. The ovaries -each about the size of an almond - produce eggs (ova) as well as the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Advertising

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries. The ovaries -each about the size of an almond - produce eggs (ova) as well as the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Advertising & Sponsorship. Ovarian cancer often goes undetected until it has spread within the pelvis and abdomen.

Pancreatic cancer is a type of cancer affecting the pancreas - a large gland that's part of the digestive system. Pancreatic cancer begins in the tissues of your pancreas — an organ in your abdomen that lies horizontally behind the lower part of your stomach. Your pancreas releases enzymes that aid digestion and hormones that help manage your blood sugar.

Pediatric Hematology Oncology is a broad and complex area that encompasses perturbations of the several-formed elements of the blood and their precursors in the bone marrow, as well as the coagulation-fibrinolytic systems in the plasma, the reticuloendothelial system, and malignancies of the blood and solid tissues and organs.

Pediatric oncology is the research and treatment of cancers in children and young adults. Pediatric oncologists study and train in both pediatrics and oncology.

Photodynamic therapy or PDT uses photosensitizing agents, along with light to kill cancer cells.

Radical prostatectomy is an operation to remove the prostate gland and tissues surrounding it. This usually includes the seminal vesicles and some nearby lymph nodes. Radical prostatectomy can cure prostate cancer in men whose cancer is limited to the prostate.

Radical prostatectomy is an operation to remove the prostate gland and tissues surrounding it. This usually includes the seminal vesicles and some nearby lymph nodes. Radical prostatectomy can cure prostate cancer in men whose cancer is limited to the prostate.

Radiation therapy (also called radiotherapy) is a cancer treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.

Radiation therapy (also called radiotherapy) is a cancer treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.

Retinoblastoma treatment may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, laser therapy, heat or cold therapy or surgery to remove the eye.

A sarcoma is a rare kind of cancer that grows in connective tissue -- cells that connect or support other kinds of tissue in your body.

Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Non-melanoma skin cancer refers to a group of cancers that slowly develop in the upper layers of the skin.

Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Non-melanoma skin cancer refers to a group of cancers that slowly develop in the upper layers of the skin.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT or stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is a way of giving radiotherapy to a tumour from different directions.

About Stomach Cancer Treatment

Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that targets the changes in cancer cells that help them grow, divide, and spread.

Testicular cancer is cancer that develops in the testicles, a part of the male reproductive system. Symptoms may include a lump in the testicle, or swelling or pain.

Testicular cancer is cancer that develops in the testicles, a part of the male reproductive system. Symptoms may include a lump in the testicle, or swelling or pain.

Throat cancer refers to cancer of the voice box, the vocal cords, and other parts of the throat, such as the tonsils and oropharynx. Throat cancer is often grouped into two categories: pharyngeal cancer and laryngeal cancer.

Thyroid cancer occurs in the cells of the thyroid — a butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of your neck, just below your Adam's apple. Your thyroid produces hormones that regulate your heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature and weight.

Cancer of the womb (uterine or endometrial cancer) is a common cancer that affects the female reproductive system. It's more common in women who have been through the menopause.

About Vaginal Cancer Treatment

Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is a novel radiation technique, which can achieve highly conformal dose distributions with improved target volume coverage and sparing of normal tissues compared with conventional radiotherapy techniques.

An aortic aneurysm is a bulge in your aorta, the main blood vessel that carries blood from your heart to the rest of your body. There are two main types of surgery for aortic aneurysms; One is "Open abdominal or open chest repair" the other one is "Endovascular repair".

About Aortic Valve Repair 

About Aortic Valve Replacement

An atherectomy is a procedure that utilizes a catheter with a sharp blade on the end to remove plaque from a blood vessel.

About Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Closure

About Atrioventricular Septal Defect (AVSD) Treatment 

A valvuloplasty, also known as balloon valvuloplasty or balloon valvotomy, is a procedure to repair a heart valve that has a narrowed opening.

Cardiac ablation is a procedure that can correct heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias).

About Cardiac Assessment

About Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy (CRT) Device Implantation

About Cardiology Consultation

Carotid angioplasty and stenting opens a clogged artery to restore blood flow to the brain — and saves you from a stroke.

Carotid angioplasty and stenting opens a clogged artery to restore blood flow to the brain — and saves you from a stroke.

Cerebrovascular disease is any disorder that affects the blood vessels that provide oxygen rich blood to a persons brain and face.

Duplex ultrasound is a non-invasive evaluation of blood flow through your arteries and veins . Colour duplex sonography of temporal arteries is applied before decision for biopsy.

Congenital heart disease, also known as congenital heart defect, is a heart abnormality present at birth.

About Coronary Angiogram

A coronary angioplasty is a procedure used to widen blocked or narrowed coronary arteries (the main blood vessels supplying the heart). The term "angioplasty" means using a balloon to stretch open a narrowed or blocked artery.

A coronary angioplasty is a procedure used to widen blocked or narrowed coronary arteries (the main blood vessels supplying the heart). The term "angioplasty" means using a balloon to stretch open a narrowed or blocked artery.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a type of surgery that improves blood flow to the heart.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a type of surgery that improves blood flow to the heart.

Treatments for coronary heart disease include heart-healthy lifestyle changes, medicines, medical procedures and surgery, and cardiac rehabilitation. Treatment goals may include: Lowering the risk of blood clots forming (blood clots can cause a heart attack)

An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is implanted under the skin at the side of the chest below the armpit.

About Dobutamine Stress Echocardiogram

Dor procedure is a surgical option in patients with coronary artery disease, postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm or ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy with or without ventricular tachycardia.

Echocardiography or echo, is a painless test that uses sound waves to create moving pictures of your heart. The pictures show the size and shape of your heart. A type of echo called Doppler ultrasound shows how well blood flows through your heart's chambers and valves.

EECP is a mechanical procedure in which long inflatable cuffs (like blood pressure cuffs) are wrapped around both of the patient's legs. EECP has at least two potentially beneficial actions on the heart. First, the milking action of the leg cuffs increases the blood flow to the coronary arteries during diastole.

The electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a noninvasive test that is used to reflect underlying heart conditions by measuring the electrical activity of the heart.

The electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a noninvasive test that is used to reflect underlying heart conditions by measuring the electrical activity of the heart.

Electrophysiology is the cardiology specialty that diagnoses and treats heart arrhythmias, or problems related to the heart's electrical system.

About Heart Arrhythmia - Catheter Ablation 

Heart bypass surgery, or coronary artery bypass surgery, is used to replace damaged arteries that supply blood to your heart muscle.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive procedure to replace a narrowed aortic valve that fails to open properly (aortic valve stenosis). In this procedure, doctors insert a catheter in your leg or chest and guide it to your heart.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive procedure to replace a narrowed aortic valve that fails to open properly (aortic valve stenosis). In this procedure, doctors insert a catheter in your leg or chest and guide it to your heart.

About Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) Implantation

About Mitral Valve Repair

About Myocardial Infarction Treatment

Nuclear cardiology studies use noninvasive techniques to assess myocardial blood flow, evaluate the pumping function of the heart as well as visualize the size and location of a heart attack.

Open-heart surgery is any type of surgery where the chest is cut open and surgery is performed on the muscles, valves, or arteries of the heart.

A pacemaker is a small electronic device, implanted in the chest to help regulate heart function.

A pacemaker is a small electronic device, implanted in the chest to help regulate heart function.

About Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Closure

Pediatric heart surgery, also known as pediatric cardiac surgery or cardiothoracic surgery, can include a variety of surgical procedures, from minimally invasive catheterizations to open-heart surgeries and heart transplants.

Pediatric cardiology (patients not older than 16 years) is a medical specialty and a branch of internal medicine concerned with disorders of the heart.

Pediatric cardiology (patients not older than 16 years) is a medical specialty and a branch of internal medicine concerned with disorders of the heart.

Pericarditis is an inflammation of the protective sac enclosing the heart. It usually resolves with treatment but may cause serious complications.

Peripheral artery disease (also called peripheral arterial disease) is a common circulatory problem in which narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to your limbs.

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is damage to one or more heart valves that remains after an episode of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is resolved. It is caused by an episode or recurrent episodes of ARF, where the heart has become inflamed.

Spiroergometry involves the parallel examination of reactions of a person's heart, lung, vascular and metabolic system while under physical stress.

About Stress Electrocardiography (ECG)

About Surgery for Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)

About Tilt Table Test

About Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) 

Transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) is a procedure used to treat inoperable heart diseasein people with persistent angina that isn't relieved by any other revascularization method.

About Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) Closure 

About Anal Fissure Treatment

About Anal Fistula Surgery

About Colectomy

About Colorectal Medicine Consultation

About Rectopexy

About Sphincterotomy

Instead, retinoic acid cream applied directly to the scar can help reduce its appearance, especially in the case of keloid scars. Lasers. Your dermatologist can use a laser to remove the outer layer of your skin, contour areas of acne scars, or lighten redness around healed acne lesions.

Shave excision. This procedure involves removing the angioma from the top portion of skin. Shave excision is an alternative to invasive surgery that would involve cutting out the lesion or growth and using stitches, or sutures, to close the wound.

Extended Review Score is a perfectly clear combination of the most effective reviews from Google and reviews from verified Heal2Go patients who used medical assistance services.

Botox Cosmetic is an injectable wrinkle muscle relaxer. It uses botulinum toxin type A, specifically OnabotulinumtoxinA, to temporarily paralyze muscle. This reduces the appearance of facial wrinkles.

A chemical peel is a technique used to improve the appearance of the skin on the face, neck or hands. A chemical solution is applied to the skin that causes it to exfoliate and eventually peel off. The new, regenerated skin is usually smoother and less wrinkled than the old skin.

Laser resurfacing is a treatment to reduce facial wrinkles and skin irregularities, such as blemishes or acne scars. The technique directs short, concentrated pulsating beams of light at irregular skin, precisely removing skin layer by layer. This popular procedure is also called lasabrasion, laser peel, or laser vaporization.

Dermabrasion is an exfoliating technique that uses a rotating instrument to remove the outer layers of skin, usually on the face. This treatment is popular with people who wish to improve the appearance of their skin. Some of the conditions it can treat include fine lines, sun damage, acne scars, and uneven texture.

Microblading is a new and updated semi-permanent make-up technique where, through manual process of inserting pigment into the upper layers of skin, creation of the desired fullness and shape of the eyebrows.

The CO2RE (by Candela) Carbon Dioxide (C02) Fractional Laser Resurfacing removes layers of skin tissue in a fractionated method (columns of skin are removed, leaving the skin surrounding each column intact to aid in healing) to help reduce “age-spots” (also called sun freckles, liver spots, and lentigines), fine lines, wrinkles, scarring, uneven coloration, skin laxity, textural irregularities, dull tone, and a thinned collagen layer of the face, neck, and chest.

Hair mesotherapy is a mini-invasive treatment done by injecting nurturing cocktails (based on hyaluronic acid with vitamins, minerals, coenzymes, amino acids etc.) straight in the scalp. Such cocktails deeply hydrate the skin.

Intense pulsed light (IPL) is a technology used by cosmetic and medical practitioners to perform various skin treatments for aesthetic and therapeutic purposes, including hair removal, photorejuvenation (e.g. the treatment of skin pigmentation, sun damage, and thread veins) as well as to alleviate dermatologic diseases ...

Juvederm is a hyaluronic acid-based dermal filler. There are several products in the Juvederm family. They all are used to help people address the facial signs of aging. Each product in the Juvederm line features different bonding and concentrations of hyaluronic acid. The different products are each tailored to target specific problems when injected into different areas and depths. Juvederm fillers have a smooth, gel-like consistency.

Laser hair removal is a medical procedure that uses a concentrated beam of light (laser) to remove unwanted hair. During laser hair removal, a laser emits a light that is absorbed by the pigment (melanin) in the hair. The light energy is converted to heat, which damages the tube-shaped sacs within the skin (hair follicles) that produce hairs. This damage inhibits or delays future hair growth. Although laser hair removal effectively delays hair growth for long periods, it usually doesn't result in permanent hair removal. Multiple laser hair removal treatments are needed for initial hair removal, and maintenance treatments might be needed as well. Laser hair removal is most effective for people who have light skin and dark hair.

Endovenous laser treatment can treat larger varicose veins in the legs. A laser fiber is passed through a thin tube (catheter) into the vein. While doing this, the doctor watches the vein on a duplex ultrasound screen. Laser is less painful than vein ligation and stripping, and it has a shorter recovery time.

The MedLite Laser helps correct skin pigmentation like melasma, freckles, sun damage, and stimulates collagen. Laser skin renewal is a quick treatment with no downtime that can give your skin a smoother, even appearance

Mesotherapy is a technique that uses injections of vitamins, enzymes, hormones, and plant extracts to rejuvenate and tighten skin, as well as remove excess fat.

Microdermabrasion is a minimally invasive procedure used to renew overall skin tone and texture. It can improve the appearance of sun damage, wrinkles, fine lines, age spots, acne scarring, melasma, and other skin-related concerns and conditions.

Mohs surgery is a precise surgical technique used to treat skin cancer. During Mohs surgery, thin layers of cancer-containing skin are progressively removed and examined until only cancer-free tissue remains. Mohs surgery is also known as Mohs micrographic surgery.

Moles, or nevi, are frequently removed for a variety of reasons. They can be removed by two surgical methods: Excision (cutting), with or without stitches. Shave removal using a scalpel blade without stitches.

Small nevi can be removed by simple surgical excision. The nevus is cut out, and the adjacent skin stitched together leaving a small scar. Removal of a large congenital nevus, however, requires replacement of the affected skin.

If your child has a skin condition, such as a birthmark, eczema, warts, or psoriasis, a pediatric dermatologist has the experience and qualifications to treat your child. Pediatric dermatologists treat a wide variety of pediatric skin conditions using the latest available treatment methods. Pediatric dermatologists treat children from birth through adolescence.

Permanent makeup is a cosmetic technique which employs tattoos (permanent pigmentation of the dermis) as a means of producing designs that resemble makeup, such as eyelining and other permanent enhancing colors to the skin of the face, lips, and eyelids.

Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes red, flaky, crusty patches of skin covered with silvery scales. These patches normally appear on your elbows, knees, scalp and lower back, but can appear anywhere on your body.

Restylane (hyaluronic acid) Dermal Filler Injectable Gel is used for mid-to-deep dermal implantation for the correction of moderate to severe facial wrinkles and folds, such as nasolabial folds (laugh lines). Restylane is also used for lip augmentation in patients over the age of 21.

Scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis, is a chronic connective tissue disease generally classified as one of the autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The word “scleroderma” comes from two Greek words: “sclero” meaning hard, and “derma” meaning skin. Hardening of the skin is one of the most visible manifestations of the disease. The disease has been called “progressive systemic sclerosis,” but the use of that term has been discouraged since it has been found that scleroderma is not necessarily progressive. The disease varies from patient-to-patient.

Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Non-melanoma skin cancer refers to a group of cancers that slowly develop in the upper layers of the skin.

During a skin exam a doctor or nurse checks the skin for moles, birthmarks, or other pigmented areas that look abnormal in color, size, shape, or texture. Skin exams to screen for skin cancer have not been shown to decrease the number of deaths from the disease.

Tattoo removal is a procedure done to try to remove an unwanted tattoo. Common techniques used for tattoo removal include laser surgery, surgical removal and dermabrasion. Tattoo ink is placed beneath the top layer of the skin.

TCA is a non-toxic chemical (trichloracetic acid), which has been used to perform skin peels for over 20 years. It is a relative of vinegar (acetic acid.) When TCA is applied to the skin, it causes the top layers of cells to dry up and peel off over a period of several days to one week. When the old skin is peeled off, it exposes a new layer of undamaged skin, which has a smoother texture and more even color. Some dermatologists, in fact, still prefer TCA peels for treating sun damage or melasma, usually in combination with prescription creams. TCA peels are safe in the hands of an experienced dermatologist. TCA peels may be a good option, particularly if you have melasma, because many lasers are difficult to use when treating melasma.

The Thermage system® is a non-invasive radiofrequency (RF) therapy that can smooth, tighten and contour skin for an overall younger-looking appearance.

LipoSelection®, developed by VASER®, is an ultrasonic (UAL) liposuction procedure, meaning it uses ultrasonic energy as a means of fat removal. The ultrasound technology breaks up and emulsifies the fat that is to be removed. Unlike other fat removal methods, LipoSelection® leaves the surrounding nerves, blood vessels, and tissue virtually unharmed. After a local anesthetic is applied, the surgeon will fill the area to be treated with a saline wetting solution to numb the site and shrink blood vessels. This helps minimize post-surgical bruising and swelling. A small probe emitting high frequency sound energy is used to break up fat on contact with minimal damage to surrounding tissues. Fat may then be easily extracted with liposuction tubes.

VelaShape™ is an FDA-approved medical device that uses a combination of suction, massage, radio frequency energy, and infrared light to shape the body, and reduce cellulite and inches on areas like the thighs, abdomen, and buttocks.

The Vitalize Peel is a unique Chemical Peel comprised of Alpha-Hydroxy Acid, Bety-Hydroxy Acid, Resorcinol Acid, and Retinoic Acid. The peel is designed to safely reduce the appearance of fine lines, sun damage, and age spots; leaving patients with a refreshed and rejuvenated appearance.

A crown (or cap) is a covering made to restore a tooth back to health & function. When teeth are damaged from decay, weak from large old fillings, worn or broken down, crowns can be used to give you back healthy functional teeth. Crowns can be made out of porcelain, porcelain fused to metal, or full gold.

All-on-4 consists of four titanium implants inserted into each jaw. These implants act as a foundation for a bridge. A fixed set of teeth, which will look like your natural teeth, can then be added to the implants replacing your teeth. If you have some bone loss, All-on-4 can still be used as a good solution.

All-on-6 is a dental procedure that is used to reconstruct a person's mouth when they have lost a significant number of teeth in one or both jaws. This process allows an individual the option to replace all of their teeth with six natural-looking and feeling dental implants.

Apical surgery is considered a standard oral surgical procedure. Apical surgery belongs to the field of endodontic surgery, which also includes incision and drainage, closure of perforations, and root or tooth resections.

Bad breath affects an estimated 25 percent of people. There are a number of possible causes of halitosis, but the vast majority come down to oral hygiene. It is also known as halitosis or fetor oris. Halitosis can cause significant worry, embarrassment, and anxiety but it is relatively easy to remedy. Persistent bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth may be a warning sign of gum (periodontal) disease. Gum disease is caused by the buildup of plaque on teeth. Bacteria cause the formation of toxins to form, which irritate the gums. If gum disease continues untreated, it can damage the gums and jawbone.

Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that uses transplanted bone to repair and rebuild diseased or damaged bones.

Dental braces (also known as braces, orthodontic cases, or cases) are devices used in orthodontics that align and straighten teeth and help position them with regard to a person's bite, while also aiming to improve dental health.

Corrective jaw surgery, or orthognathic surgery, is performed by Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons to correct a wide range of minor and major skeletal and dental irregularities, including the misalignment of jaws and teeth, which, in turn, can improve chewing, speaking and breathing.

Dental cone beam computed tomography (CT) is a special type of x-ray equipment used when regular dental or facial x-rays are not sufficient. Your doctor may use this technology to produce three dimensional (3-D) images of your teeth, soft tissues, nerve pathways and bone in a single scan.

Custom mouthguards are usually made from hard or soft plastic, and serve to protect teeth. They are commonly made for sports where teeth are at risk, such as boxing, rugby or hockey, as well as for night-time use in patients who suffer from bruxism (teeth grinding). A mouthguard may be recommended at any time, but in particular it may be offered after dental work such as veneers in order to preserve the results.

A cyst is a sac of tissue that has either fluid or soft material inside it. Cysts can form in a wide range of tissues including in the face and mouth (including the jaws)

The other part of deep cleaning is root planing. The dental hygienist will use a scaling instrument to remove plaque and tartar from the surface of the roots of your teeth. A scaling and root planing procedure will require a minimum of two visits as an appointment.

Dental bridge is a false tooth (called a pontic) that is held in place by the abutment teeth on either side of the gap. Although pontics can be made from a variety of materials such as gold, typically they're made from porcelain to aesthetically blend in with your natural teeth.

Dental check-ups are vital to keep your teeth and gums healthy.

A dental crown is a tooth-shaped "cap" that is placed over a tooth -- to cover the tooth to restore its shape and size, strength, and improve its appearance.

The Dental Face Lift is a non-surgical method used to bring optimum dental health and a rejuvenated look to a patient's face and jaw through state of the art teeth restoration and bite correction.

A dental implant is a metal post that replaces the root portion of a missing tooth. An artificial tooth (crown) is placed on an extension of the post (abutment) on the dental implant, giving you the look of a real tooth.

A dental implant is a metal post that replaces the root portion of a missing tooth. An artificial tooth (crown) is placed on an extension of the post (abutment) on the dental implant, giving you the look of a real tooth.

Dental veneers (sometimes called porcelain veneers or dental porcelain laminates) are wafer-thin, custom-made shells of tooth-colored materials designed to cover the front surface of teeth to improve your appearance. These shells are bonded to the front of the teeth changing their color, shape, size, or length.

Dentistry is a branch of medicine that consists of the study, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders, and conditions of the oral cavity, commonly in the dentition but also the oral mucosa, and of adjacent and related structures and tissues, particularly in the maxillofacial (jaw and facial) area.

Dental consultation is a non-invasive visit with your dental care provider where you can discuss your issues, concerns, and treatment options. Many of our dentists offer free consultations, though others do ask for a small consultation fee to cover their time.

Dentures are a cost effective means to replace missing teeth.Dentures are removable false teeth made of acrylic (plastic), nylon or metal. They fit snugly over the gums to replace missing teeth and eliminate potential problems caused by gaps.Typically, the broken dentures will be sent to a dental laboratory where a trained technician will perform the required repairs.

Tests and procedures used to diagnose mouth cancer include: Physical exam. Your doctor or dentist will examine your lips and mouth to look for abnormalities — areas of irritation, such as sores and white patches (leukoplakia). Removal of tissue for testing.

Digital dentistry is any dental technology or device that uses digital or computer-based components instead of older mechanical or electrical methods. Computer-aided dentistry streamlines many processes and removes several formerly manual steps that can now be automated.

Digital dentistry is any dental technology or device that uses digital or computer-based components instead of older mechanical or electrical methods. Computer-aided dentistry streamlines many processes and removes several formerly manual steps that can now be automated.

Digital dentistry is any dental technology or device that uses digital or computer-based components instead of older mechanical or electrical methods. Computer-aided dentistry streamlines many processes and removes several formerly manual steps that can now be automated.

Post and core is a dental restoration used to sufficiently build up tooth structure for future restoration with a crown when there is not enough tooth structure to properly retain the crown, due to loss of tooth structure to either decay or fracture. Post and cores are therefore referred to as foundation restorations.

Fluoride varnish is a highly concentrated form of fluoride which is applied to the tooth's surface, by a dentist, dental hygienist or other health care professional.

A frenectomy is a simple surgical procedure that involves the removal of one or both frena from the mouth. The frenum is a connective tissue membrane that attaches one surface within the mouth to another.

A denture is a removable replacement for missing teeth and surrounding tissues. Two types of dentures are available -- complete and partial dentures. Complete dentures are used when all the teeth are missing, while partial dentures are used when some natural teeth remain.

Gingivitis is a common and mild form of gum disease that causes irritation, redness and swelling of your gums.

Gum contouring is a cosmetic procedure that can change the shape of your gums. A dentist can use this procedure to cut away excessive gum tissue that is giving you a "gummy" smile or to restore gum tissue that has receded and is now exposing too much of your teeth.

A mouthguard is a protective device for the mouth that covers the teeth and gums to prevent and reduce injury to the teeth, arches, lips and gums.

Periodontal surgery is treatment for any gum disease that remains after your dentist has cleaned your teeth. Gum disease is caused by the germs (bacteria) which live in your mouth.

Wisdom tooth extraction is a surgical procedure to remove one or more wisdom teeth — the four permanent adult teeth located at the back corners of your mouth on the top and bottom.

An implant-supported denture is a type of overdenture that is supported by and attached to implants. A regular denture rests on the gums, and is not supported by implants. An implant-supported denture is used when a person doesn't have any teeth in the jaw, but has enough bone in the jaw to support implants.

Incognito braces are completely custom-fit to your mouth. The brackets are cast in gold rather than stainless steel and formed to the shape of your teeth, and the wires are also custom-fit to your mouth.

Dental Inlays, Onlays, Crowns & Fillings are often confused. Inlays & onlays are two methods of restoring the structure of teeth after decay or damage.

The Inman Aligner is a simple removable appliance used to align front teeth quickly and safely. It's ideal as a stand alone treatment or to prealign teeth prior to further cosmetic options such as bonding or minimal veneers.

Lumineers - While traditional veneers are much thicker, requiring the grinding down of your original tooth structure, Lumineers are so thin that little to no tooth reduction is necessary. Additionally, the durability of Lumineers allows them to resist wear and remain resilient to last over 20 years.

Panoramic dental x-ray creates a single image of the entire mouth including upper and lower jaws, TMJ joints, teeth, and more.

Periodontal plastic surgery is designed to restore form and function to the gum tissue, periodontal ligament, and the bone that supports your teeth or an individual tooth.

Periodontal disease can cause pockets to form between the tooth and gum. ... Surgery on gum and bone can reduce pocket depth and save a tooth or teeth. It allows the dentist to remove tartar deep below the gumline. In some cases, pocket reduction surgery is combined with regenerative procedures.

Precision Attachments are special attachments used for the perfect fit of removable partial dentures. The attachment prosthesis consists a combination of permanently fixed and removable denture. (semi fixed denture). It is a passive retention mechanism by which the abutment teeth are not exposed to excessive forces.

Permanent crowns can be made from stainless steel, all metal (such as gold or another alloy), porcelain-fused-to-metal, all resin, or all ceramic. Stainless steel crowns are prefabricated crowns that are used on permanent teeth primarily as a temporary measure.

Root Canal Retreatment. Most of the time, root canal therapy is effective at permanently relieving tooth pain and halting infection of the soft tissues deep inside the teeth and gums.

Root canal is a treatment used to repair and save a tooth that is badly decayed or becomes infected. During a root canal procedure, the nerve and pulp are removed and the inside of the tooth is cleaned and sealed. Without treatment, the tissue surrounding the tooth will become infected and abscesses may form.

Root canal is a treatment used to repair and save a tooth that is badly decayed or becomes infected. During a root canal procedure, the nerve and pulp are removed and the inside of the tooth is cleaned and sealed. Without treatment, the tissue surrounding the tooth will become infected and abscesses may form.

Scaling and root planing, also known as conventional periodontal therapy, non-surgical periodontal therapy, or deep cleaning, is a procedure involving removal of dental plaque and calculus (scaling or debridement) and then smoothing, or planing, of the (exposed) surfaces of the roots, removing cementum or dentine that is impregnated with calculus, toxins, or microorganisms, the etiologic agents that cause inflammation. This helps to establish a periodontium that is in remission of periodontal disease. Periodontal scalers and periodontal curettes are some of the tools involved.

Tooth sensitivity occurs when the enamel that protects our teeth gets thinner, or when gum recession occurs, exposing the underlying surface, the dentin, thus, reducing the protection the enamel and gums provide to the tooth and root.

Sinus lift is surgery that adds bone to your upper jaw in the area of your molars and premolars. It's sometimes called a sinus augmentation. The bone is added between your jaw and the maxillary sinuses, which are on either side of your nose.

Smile Design can deliver a happier, healthier you with beautiful & vibrant smiles. It is been offered a wide range of cosmetic dentistry procedures, such as teeth whitening, porcelain veneers, and dental implants to improve and restore smiles.

A space maintainer is an appliance that is custom-made by a dentist or orthodontist in acrylic or metal material. It can be either removable or cemented in a child's mouth. Its purpose is to keep the space open to allow the permanent tooth to erupt and come into place.

Sports dentistry is one of the most recent and upcoming field in dentistry. It mainly includes the prevention and management of athletics-related orofacial injuries and associated oral diseases. The sports or team dentist assists athletes in the prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of oral injuries.

Tooth extraction is performed by a dentist or oral surgeon and is a relatively quick outpatient procedure with either local, general, intravenous anesthesia, or a combination. Removing visible teeth is a simple extraction. Teeth that are broken, below the surface, or impacted require a more involved procedure.

Teeth cleaning is part of oral hygiene and involves the removal of dental plaque from teeth with the intention of preventing cavities (dental caries), gingivitis, and periodontal disease. ... Those with dentures and natural teeth may supplement their cleaning with a denture cleaner.

Tooth extraction is the removal of a tooth from its socket in the bone. Excessive tooth decay, tooth infection, and crowding can all require a tooth extraction. Tooth extraction is performed by a dentist or oral surgeon and is a relatively quick outpatient procedure with either local, general, intravenous anesthesia, or a combination.

Teeth grinding (bruxism) is involuntary clenching, grinding and gnashing of the teeth that usually happens during sleep. Causes can include stress, concentration and use of drugs.

Tooth whitening (termed tooth bleaching when utilising bleach), is either the restoration of a natural tooth shade or whitening beyond the natural shade. Restoration of the underlying natural tooth shade is possible by simply removing surface stains caused by extrinsic factors, stainers such as tea, coffee, red wine and tobacco. The buildup of calculus and tartar can also influence the staining of teeth. This restoration of the natural tooth shade is achieved by having the teeth cleaned by a dental professional (commonly termed "scaling and polishing"), or at home by various oral hygiene methods. Calculus and tartar are difficult to remove without a professional clean.

A temporary prosthesis protects a tooth after it has been prepared for a crown. The temporary prosthesis can be produced and set in the patient's mouth directly by the dentist or it could be done in a dental laboratory.

Sealants are a safe and painless way of protecting your teeth from tooth decay. A sealant is a protective plastic coating, which is applied to the biting surfaces of the back teeth. The sealant forms a hard shield that keeps food and bacteria from getting into the tiny grooves in the teeth and causing decay.

Tooth decay is the destruction of tooth structure and can affect both the enamel (the outer coating of the tooth) and the dentin layer of the tooth. ... The bacteria, acid, food debris, and saliva combine to form plaque, which clings to the teeth.

Dental filling or tooth filling is a way to restore a tooth damaged by decay back to its normal function and shape.

Dental restoration or dental filling is a treatment to restore the function, integrity, and morphology of missing tooth structure resulting from caries or external trauma as well as to the replacement of such structure supported by dental implants.

Total Dental Care offers sedation dentistry, root canals, dental implants, dentures & other dental care.

About Abdominal MRI

About Brain MRI

About Brain MRI with contrast

About Brain MRI with contrast (protocol of MS diagnostic)

About Chest X-Ray

About CT of thoracic, abdominal and pelvic organs

A computerized tomography scan (CT or CAT scan) uses computers and rotating X-ray machines to create cross-sectional images of the body

A computerized tomography scan (CT or CAT scan) uses computers and rotating X-ray machines to create cross-sectional images of the body

About Diagnostic Imaging Consultation

About Doppler sonography (ultrasonography, duplex angioscanning) vessels

Mammography is specialized medical imaging that uses a low-dose x-ray system to see inside the breasts. A mammography exam, called a mammogram, aids in the early detection and diagnosis of breast diseases in women.

Mammography is specialized medical imaging that uses a low-dose x-ray system to see inside the breasts. A mammography exam, called a mammogram, aids in the early detection and diagnosis of breast diseases in women.

About MRI of the brain and spine with contrast

About MRI of the brain and spine with contrast

About MRI of the spine cord

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a type of scan that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside of the body.

Neuroradiology is the medical subspecialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of brain, spinal cord, head and neck, and vascular lesions using x-rays, magnetic fields, radio waves, and ultrasound.

Nuclear medicine is a branch of medical imaging that uses small amounts of radioactive material to diagnose and determine the severity of or treat a variety of diseases, including many types of cancers, heart disease, gastrointestinal, endocrine, neurological disorders and other abnormalities within the body.

Paediatric radiology (or pediatric radiology) is a subspecialty of radiology involving the imaging of fetuses, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults.

About Pelvic Ultrasound

A positron emission tomography (PET) scan is an imaging test that allows your doctor to check for diseases in your body. The scan uses a special dye containing radioactive tracers.

A positron emission tomography (PET) scan is an imaging test that allows your doctor to check for diseases in your body. The scan uses a special dye containing radioactive tracers.

About Revision of MRI results

About Skull CT scan

About Testicular Ultrasound

About Thyroid Ultrasound

About СT of the spine

Hemodialysis is a therapy that filters waste, removes extra fluid and balances electrolytes (sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride, calcium, magnesium and phosphate).

Peritoneal dialysis is a way to remove waste products from your blood when your kidneys can no longer do the job adequately. A cleansing fluid flows through a tube (catheter) into part of your abdomen and filters waste products from your blood.

Adenoidectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove the adenoids. Adenoids are a mass of lymphoid tissue located behind the nasal passages.

Adenoidectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove the adenoids. Adenoids are a mass of lymphoid tissue located behind the nasal passages.

Cleft lip repair and cleft palate repair are types of surgery used to correct this abnormal development and are meant to restore function to the lips and mouth along with producing a more normal appearance.

Cleft palate repair is a surgery to fix a cleft, or hole, in the palate, or the roof of the mouth.

A cochlear implant is an electronic device that partially restores hearing. Unlike hearing aids — which amplify sound — a cochlear implant bypasses damaged portions of the ear to deliver sound signals to the auditory (hearing) nerve.

A cochlear implant is an electronic device that partially restores hearing. Unlike hearing aids — which amplify sound — a cochlear implant bypasses damaged portions of the ear to deliver sound signals to the auditory (hearing) nerve.

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is the modern approach to surgery on the sinuses.

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is the modern approach to surgery on the sinuses.

The term non-toxic goiter refers to enlargement of the thyroid that is not associated with overproduction of thyroid hormone or malignancy. The thyroid can become very large so that it can easily be seen as a mass in the neck.

A hearing screening is the most basic form of testing your ability to hear. A hearing screening is generally a preliminary test to see if more in-depth testing needs to be done.

About Laryngoscopy

LAUP is the acronym, for Laser-assisted Uvulopalatoplasty. LAUP is a technique, which uses lasers to shorten the uvula and vaporize parts of your palate.

Laser stapedotomy is a well-established surgical technique for treating conductive hearing loss due to otosclerosis. The procedure creates a tiny opening in the stapes (the smallest bone in the human body) in which to secure a prosthetic.

About Mastoidectomy

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is the specialty of dentistry which includes the diagnosis, surgical and adjunctive treatment of diseases, injuries and defects involving both the functional and aesthetic aspects of the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region.

About Myringoplasty

About Myringotomy

About Nasal Polyps Removal

Otology, neurotology and skull base surgery research into hearing disorders at Mayo Clinic is currently centered on three general concepts: hearing preservation, hearing restoration and auditory rehabilitation.

Otolaryngology is a medical specialty which is focused on the ears, nose, and throat.

About Parotid Surgery

If your child needs surgical or complex medical treatment for illnesses or problems affecting the ear, nose, or throat, a pediatric otolaryngologist has the experience and qualifications to treat your child. Many general otolaryngologists provide surgical care for children.

Rhinology and sinus surgery is a subspecialty that manages nasal and sinus problems. Common problems we treat are allergies, nasal obstruction, and sinusitis. Less common conditions, such as tumors of the sinuses or anterior skull base, can also be treated with minimally invasive techniques.

Septoplasty is most commonly performed to help relieve nasal obstruction. Sometimes, septoplasty is a necessary part of other surgical procedures like sinus surgery, nasal tumor removal or turbinate reduction. The procedure to reduce the size of the turbinates is often accompanied by a septoplasty, (a surgery that is used to correct a deviated septum). However, this will focus on turbinate reduction as a stand-alone procedure.

Septoplasty is most commonly performed to help relieve nasal obstruction. Sometimes, septoplasty is a necessary part of other surgical procedures like sinus surgery, nasal tumor removal or turbinate reduction. The procedure to reduce the size of the turbinates is often accompanied by a septoplasty, (a surgery that is used to correct a deviated septum). However, this will focus on turbinate reduction as a stand-alone procedure.

About Sinus Surgery

About Sleep Apnea Surgery

Sleep medicine is a medical specialty or subspecialty devoted to the diagnosis and therapy of sleep disturbances and disorders.

Snoring is the vibration of respiratory structures and the resulting sound due to obstructed air movement during breathing while sleeping. In some cases, the sound may be soft, but in most cases, it can be loud and unpleasant. Snoring during sleep may be a sign, or first alarm, of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Submucous diathermy (SMD) is a simple and effective way of carrying out reduction surgery on the hypertrophied inferior turbinate.

About Thyroid Scan

About Thyroidectomy

A thyroplasty is a procedure performed to help correct vocal cord weakness. Patients with vocal cord weakness may have a weak, breathy voice, and speaking may require considerable effort.

About Tonsillectomy

A tonsillectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the tonsils. Tonsils are two small glands located in the back of your throat. Tonsils house white blood cells to help you fight infection, but sometimes the tonsils themselves become infected.

About Tympanoplasty

Tympanoplasty is the surgical operation performed for the reconstruction of the eardrum (tympanic membrane) or the small bones of the middle ear (ossicles).

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is surgery to open the upper airways by taking out extra tissue in the throat.

Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that results from too much growth hormone (GH) in the body. In most people with acromegaly, a benign tumor of the pituitary gland produces excess GH.

About Endocrinology Consultation

About Endocrinology Testing

Gigantism is a rare condition that causes abnormal growth in children. This change is most notable in terms of height, but girth is affected as well. It occurs when your child's pituitary gland makes too much growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin.

Gynecomastia is swelling of the breast tissue in boys or men, caused by an imbalance of the hormones estrogen and testosterone.

Hirsutism is a condition of unwanted, male-pattern hair growth in women. Hirsutism results in excessive amounts of dark, course hair on body areas where men typically grow hair — face, chest and back.

Hormonal imbalances are more common during puberty, menstruation, and pregnancy. Many hormonal imbalances are caused by external factors, such as stress or hormone medications. However, hormonal imbalances can also be caused by any medical condition that impacts or involves the endocrine system or glands.

Hypertension is another name for high blood pressure. It can lead to severe complications and increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and death. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels. Unmanaged hypertension can lead to a heart attack, stroke, and other problems.

Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) occurs when your thyroid gland produces too much of the hormone thyroxine. Hyperthyroidism can accelerate your body's metabolism, causing unintentional weight loss and a rapid or irregular heartbeat.

Hypopituitarism (also called pituitary insufficiency) is a rare condition in which your pituitary gland doesn't make enough of certain hormones. Your body can't work properly when important glands, such as your thyroid gland and adrenal gland, don't get the hormones they need from your pituitary gland.

Hypothyroidism, also called underactive thyroid or low thyroid, is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. It can cause a number of symptoms, such as poor ability to tolerate cold, a feeling of tiredness, constipation, depression, and weight gain.

Metabolism is a combination of biochemical processes that your body uses to convert food into energy.

Pediatric endocrinology is a medical subspecialty dealing with disorders of the endocrine glands, such as variations of physical growth and sexual development in childhood, diabetes and many more.

Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of adrenal gland tissue. It results in the release of too much epinephrine and norepinephrine, hormones that control heart rate, metabolism, and blood pressure.

Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths that develop in your pituitary gland. Some pituitary tumors can cause your pituitary gland to produce lower levels of hormones. Most pituitary tumors are noncancerous (benign) growths (adenomas)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that affects a woman's hormone levels. Women with PCOS produce higher-than-normal amounts of male hormones. This hormone imbalance causes them to skip menstrual periods and makes it harder for them to get pregnant.

About Thyroid Biopsy

About Thyroid Checkup

The thyroid is a small gland located below the Adam's apple in your neck. It releases hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which increase the amount of oxygen your body uses and stimulate your cells to produce new proteins. By controlling the release of these hormones, the thyroid determines the metabolic rate of most of your body's organs.

A thyroidectomy is an operation that involves the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. General, Endocrine or Head and Neck Surgeons often perform a thyroidectomy when a patient has thyroid cancer or some other condition of the thyroid gland (such as hyperthyroidism) or goiter.

About Cholecystectomy 

Colon cancer is cancer of the large intestine (colon), which is the final part of your digestive tract. Most cases of colon cancer begin as small, noncancerous (benign) clumps of cells called adenomatous polyps. Over time some of these polyps can become colon cancers.

A colonoscopy is an exam your doctor uses to look inside your large intestine for possible causes of things like abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits.

A colonoscopy is an exam your doctor uses to look inside your large intestine for possible causes of things like abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits.

About Colostomy 

ERCP is a procedure that enables your surgeon to examine the pancreatic and bile ducts.

ERCP is a procedure that enables your surgeon to examine the pancreatic and bile ducts.

Gallstones (commonly misspelled gall stones or gall stone) are solid particles that form from bile cholesterol and bilirubin in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small saclike organ in the upper right part of the abdomen. The gallbladder is part of the biliary system, which includes the liver and the pancreas.

Gastrectomy is the removal of part or all of the stomach. There are three main types of gastrectomy: A partial gastrectomy is the removal of a part of the stomach. The lower half is usually removed. A full gastrectomy is the removal of the entire stomach.

Gastric cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lining of the stomach. Age, diet, and stomach disease can affect the risk of developing gastric cancer. Symptoms of gastric cancer include indigestion and stomach discomfort or pain.

About Gastroenterology Consultation

A gastroscopy is a procedure where a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope is used to look inside the oesophagus (gullet), stomach and first part of the small intestine (duodenum). It's also sometimes referred to as an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The endoscope has a light and a camera at one end.

Upper GI endoscopy is a procedure in which a doctor uses an endoscope—a flexible tube with a camera—to see the lining of your upper GI tract.

A liver biopsy is a procedure in which a small needle is inserted into the liver to collect a tissue sample. This is performed as an office or outpatient procedure or during surgery. The tissue is then analyzed in a laboratory to help doctors diagnose a variety of disorders and diseases in the liver.

A liver biopsy is a procedure in which a small needle is inserted into the liver to collect a tissue sample. This is performed as an office or outpatient procedure or during surgery. The tissue is then analyzed in a laboratory to help doctors diagnose a variety of disorders and diseases in the liver.

About Pancreatectomy

A biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of pancreatic tissue is removed (with a needle or during surgery) for examination under a microscope. A biopsy can confirmthat you have cancer.

Gastroenterology is the study of the normal function and diseases of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon and rectum, pancreas, gallbladder, bile ducts and liver.

A polypectomy is a procedure used to remove polyps from the inside of the colon, also called the large intestine. A polyp is an abnormal collection of tissue. The procedure is relatively noninvasive and is usually carried out at the same time as a colonoscopy.

A sigmoidoscopy, also called a flexible sigmoidoscopy, is a procedure that lets your doctor look inside your sigmoid colon by using a flexible tube with a light on it.

A lateral internal sphincterotomy is a simple surgery during which the sphincter is cut or stretched. The sphincter is the circular group of muscles surrounding the anus that are responsible for controlling bowel movements.

Appendicectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the appendix from the abdomen. It can be performed either with a small incision on the abdomen or laparoscopically (key hole surgery).

Bone marrow transplant is used to treat several types of cancer and is commonly used for leukemias, lymphomas and other blood cell cancers. A bone marrow transplant is a treatment that replaces unhealthy marrow with a healthy one. It's also called a blood or marrow transplant (BMT).

Lumpectomy is the removal of the breast tumor (the "lump") and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it. Lumpectomy is a form of “breast-conserving” or "breast preservation" surgery.

Lumpectomy is the removal of the breast tumor (the "lump") and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it. Lumpectomy is a form of “breast-conserving” or "breast preservation" surgery.

Gallbladder removal is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures. Gallbladder removal surgery is usually performed with minimally invasive techniques and the medical name for this procedure is Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy or Laparoscopic Gallbladder Removal.

Gastrectomy is the removal of part or all of the stomach. There are three main types of gastrectomy: A partial gastrectomy is the removal of a part of the stomach. The lower half is usually removed. A full gastrectomy is the removal of the entire stomach.

Gastrectomy is the removal of part or all of the stomach. There are three main types of gastrectomy: A partial gastrectomy is the removal of a part of the stomach. The lower half is usually removed. A full gastrectomy is the removal of the entire stomach.

About General Medicine Consultation

The term non-toxic goiter refers to enlargement of the thyroid that is not associated with overproduction of thyroid hormone or malignancy. The thyroid can become very large so that it can easily be seen as a mass in the neck.

Hemorrhoids are swollen veins located around the anus or in the lower rectum.

Hernia repair surgery or herniorrhaphy involves returning the displaced tissues to their proper position. Hernioplasty is a type of hernia repair surgery where a mesh patch is sewn over the weakened region of tissue.

Hernia repair surgery or herniorrhaphy involves returning the displaced tissues to their proper position. Hernioplasty is a type of hernia repair surgery where a mesh patch is sewn over the weakened region of tissue.

About Incisional Hernia Repair

About Inguinal Hernia Repair

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease. Chronic bronchitis, which involves a long-term cough with mucus. Emphysema, which involves damage to the lungs over time.

About Laparoscopic Appendectomy

Laparoscopy, also known as diagnostic laparoscopy, is a surgical diagnostic procedure used to examine the organs inside the abdomen. It's a low-risk, minimally invasive procedure that requires only small incisions. Laparoscopy uses an instrument called a laparoscope to look at the abdominal organs.

About Liver Resection

A lung biopsy is a procedure in which samples of lung tissue are removed (with a special biopsy needle or during surgery) to determine if lung disease or cancer is present.

Mastectomy is the removal of the whole breast. There are five different types of mastectomy: "simple" or "total" mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy, partial mastectomy, and subcutaneous (nipple-sparing) mastectomy.

Mastectomy is the removal of the whole breast. There are five different types of mastectomy: "simple" or "total" mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy, partial mastectomy, and subcutaneous (nipple-sparing) mastectomy.

About Medical Examination

The branch of medicine dealing with the pathology and surgery of the colon, rectum, and anus surgery.

A splenectomy is surgery to remove the entire spleen, a delicate, fist-sized organ that sits under the left rib cage near the stomach. The spleen is an important part of the body's defense (immune) system. It contains special white blood cells that destroy bacteria and help the body fight infections when you are sick.

A thyroidectomy is an operation that involves the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. General, Endocrine or Head and Neck Surgeons often perform a thyroidectomy when a patient has thyroid cancer or some other condition of the thyroid gland (such as hyperthyroidism) or goiter.

About Umbilical Hernia Repair

About Vaccination

Afro hair transplant is performed using just the same hair transplant techniques , even though their characteristics are different. Afro hair curls underneath the skin too, not just the visible portion, so “relaxing” the hair using chemicals does not straighten the hair subcutaneously.

Alopecia areata, also known as spot baldness, is a condition in which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body.

Facial hair transplant is a procedure generally done on the men who suffer from spotty or patchy loss of hair from goatee, other parts of the beard, sideburns or moustache. The absence of hair could be hereditary or due to surgical scars, burns or other types of accidents.

With DHI Direct Hair Implantation hair follicles are implanted one by one directly to the thinning area that needs to be covered. Each hair follicle is placed in a specific direction, angle and depth, thanks to the DHI patented tool, the DHI implanter, providing 100% natural results and maximum viability.

Facial hair transplant is a procedure generally done on the men who suffer from spotty or patchy loss of hair from goatee, other parts of the beard, sideburns or moustache. The absence of hair could be hereditary or due to surgical scars, burns or other types of accidents.

FUE (Follicular Unit Extraction) hair transplant is a proven, minimally invasive outpatient procedure in which follicular unit grafts, consisting of a small number of hair follicles, are individually removed from the genetically stronger areas of your scalp (the “donor” areas) and artistically restored to your thinning areas (the “recipient” areas).

Hair transplantation is a surgical technique that removes hair follicles from one part of the body, called the 'donor site', to a bald or balding part of the body known as the 'recipient site'. The technique is primarily used to treat male pattern baldness. Techniques in hair transplantation have evolved recently which make results look more natural. Hair restoration is one of the most exciting and innovative surgical fields in aesthetic surgery today. A precise appreciation of anatomy has allowed the use of follicular unit grafts. With better methods of harvesting and implantation, hair transplantation results represent a blend of art and science.

It is due to a combination of hormones (androgens) and a genetic predisposition. Male pattern hair loss is also called androgenetic alopecia. It is characterised by a receding hairline and/or hair loss on the top and front of the head.

Facial hair transplant is a procedure generally done on the men who suffer from spotty or patchy loss of hair from goatee, other parts of the beard, sideburns or moustache. The absence of hair could be hereditary or due to surgical scars, burns or other types of accidents.

Sapphire FUE (Sapphire blades) allows to transplant hair root with more density. In comparison with steel blades; FUE performed with sapphire blades enables more dense transplantation, which makes it possible for individuals with advanced hair loss to undergo a hair transplant procedure. Using sapphire blades enables to achieve more density thus, creating a more natural-looking appearance.It provides successful results even for the people who has advanced level hair loss. It lets the patient to have a easier recovery period.

Scarring alopecia, also known as cicatricial alopecia, refers to a collection of hair loss disorders that may be diagnosed in up to 3% of hair loss.

Facial hair transplant is a procedure generally done on the men who suffer from spotty or patchy loss of hair from goatee, other parts of the beard, sideburns or moustache. The absence of hair could be hereditary or due to surgical scars, burns or other types of accidents.

Hair transplant is one of the most common cosmetic procedures undergone by male patients. However, hair transplant for women is frequently performed as well. A transplant is an option only for a woman who has a thick enough area of hair from the back and sides to “donate” to a more paltry part of her scalp. But many women don't experience this kind of localized balding; instead their entire head of hair thins out during menopause or as they age.

Assisted Hatching (AHA) is a procedure to help an embryo release from the zona pellucida.

Artificial insemination (AI) is the deliberate introduction of sperm into a female's cervix or uterine cavity for the purpose of achieving a pregnancy through in vivo fertilization by means other than sexual intercourse.

The advantage of blastocyst cultures is the efficiency of embryo selection, because only the embryos with the best development capacity reach the blastocyst stage. There is a higher probability of pregnancy when using a blastocyst than with an embryo in the cell division stage, with fresh embryo transfer and frozen embryo transfer being the most reliable methods. Blastocysts are also used with excellent results in embryo diagnosis. Blastocyst cultures are particularly useful when predicting a good yield of about 10 eggs. With low egg counts it poses the risk that no embryo can be transferred if the development of the embryo stops before it reaches the blastocyst stage.

Cryopreservation of embryos is the process of preserving an embryo at sub-zero temperatures, generally at an embryogenesis stage corresponding to pre-implantation, that is, from fertilisation to the blastocyst stage.

Cytoplasmic transfer is a technique of last resort after repeated IVF failure or at advanced maternal age: it is based on an assumption that a vital molecule, such as ATP or cell cycle-related kinase, or an organelle, such as mitochondria, is deficient at a critical stage in early development.

In Vitro Fertilisation with donor eggs and donor sperm is a laboratory technique consisting in fertilising previously harvested donor eggs with donor sperm; both donors remain anonymous. The fertilised egg becomes a pre-embryo and is transferred to the previously prepared uterus to continue developing.

Endometriosis is a medical condition that occurs when the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium, grows in other places, such as the fallopian tubes, ovaries or along the pelvis. When that lining breaks down, like the regular lining in the uterus that produces the menstruation, it has nowhere to go.

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is similar to in vitro fertilization (IVF), but in this procedure fertilization happens naturally after your doctor places eggs and sperm directly inside one of your fallopian tubes.

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is a specialised form of In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) that is used primarily for the treatment of severe cases of male-factor infertility. ICSI involves the injection of a single sperm directly into a mature egg.

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a fertility treatment that involves placing sperm inside a woman's uterus to facilitate fertilization. The goal of IUI is to increase the number of sperm that reach the fallopian tubes and subsequently increase the chance of fertilization.

IVF (In Vitro Fertilisation) is a procedure, used to overcome a range of fertility issues, by which an egg and sperm are joined together outside the body, in a specialised laboratory.

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is a specialised form of In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) that is used primarily for the treatment of severe cases of male-factor infertility. ICSI involves the injection of a single sperm directly into a mature egg.

Intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) is a technique used in IVF treatment to examine and select sperm using a high-magnification digital imaging microscope for microinjection into the egg.

Most people are familiar with in vitro fertilization (IVF), but fewer know about in vitro maturation (IVM), a fertility procedure in which immature eggs are collected in the ovaries and matured in the laboratory before they are fertilized in a procedure similar to traditional IVF.

PESA (percutaneous epidydimal sperm aspiration) and TESA (testicular sperm aspiration) are procedures that are performed to obtain sperm in certain cases of male infertility. With PESA, a small needle is placed into the epidydimis, which is a reservoir of sperm that sits atop each testicle, using local anesthesia.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a procedure used prior to implantation to help identify genetic defects within embryos. This serves to prevent certain genetic diseases or disorders from being passed on to the child.

Semen analysis known as low sperm count; normal sperm densities range from 15 million to greater than 200 million sperm per milliliter of semen. You are considered to have a low sperm count if you have fewer than 15 million sperm per milliliter or less than 39 million sperm total per ejaculate.

Sperm banking is the name for the collection and storage of semen. Semen is the fluid that contains sperm. Sperm banking is also known as sperm cryopreservation or semen storage. Some cancer treatments can affect your fertility. This might affect your ability to father children in the future.

Sperm washing is a form of sperm preparation that is required prior to intrauterine insemination or IVF because it removes chemicals from the semen, which may cause adverse reactions in the uterus. During the sperm washing process sperm is separated from the seminal fluid.

Surrogacy is an arrangement, often supported by a legal agreement, whereby a woman agrees to become pregnant, carry the pregnancy to due term, and give birth to a child or children, all of this for another person or persons, who are or will ultimately become the parent(s) of the newborn child or children.

TESA (testicular sperm aspiration) which is performed by sticking a needle in the testis and aspirating fluid and tissue with negative pressure.

TESE or MESA is a surgical sperm retrieval procedure used in fertility treatment for men who have no sperm in their ejaculate.

ZIFT Stands for zygote intrafallopian transfer, a method used to treat infertility in which an egg fertilized in vitro (outside the body) is placed into a woman's fallopian tube. This technique is one used to overcome infertility, the inability of couples to produce offspring on their own.

About Blood test for HLA-B27 antigen

Most of basic blood test package comes with 25+ biomarkers, including a look at heart health, complete blood count, and basic thyroid and blood sugar testing.

A blood test is a laboratory analysis performed on a blood sample that is usually extracted from a vein in the arm using a hypodermic needle, or via fingerprick. Typical clinical blood panels include a basic metabolic panel or a complete blood count. Blood tests are also used in drug tests to detect drug abuse.

About Extended analysis of blood

Genetic testing is a type of medical test that identifies changes in chromosomes, genes, or proteins. The results of a genetic test can confirm or rule out a suspected genetic condition or help determine a person's chance of developing or passing on a genetic disorder.

A medical procedure that involves testing a sample of blood, urine, or other substance from the body. Laboratory tests can help determine a diagnosis, plan treatment, check to see if treatment is working, or monitor the disease over time.

DNA paternity testing is the use of DNA profiling (known as genetic fingerprinting) to determine whether two individuals are biologically parent and child.

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact. The causes of STDs are bacteria, parasites, yeast, and viruses. There are more than 20 types of STDs, including. Chlamydia. Genital herpes.

A urinalysis is a group of physical, chemical, and microscopic tests. The tests detect and/or measure several substances in the urine, such as byproducts of normal and abnormal metabolism, cells, cellular fragments, and bacteria.

About Facial Tumor Removal

About Jaw Fracture Treatment

About Maxillofacial Prosthetics

About Maxillofacial Surgery Consultation

About Orthognathic Surgery

An allergy test is an exam performed by a trained allergy specialist to determine if your body has an allergic reaction to a known substance. The exam can be in the form of a blood test, a skin test, or an elimination diet.

About Basic check-up

A bone density test is the only test that can diagnose osteoporosis before a broken bone occurs.

A colonoscopy is an exam your doctor uses to look inside your large intestine for possible causes of things like abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits.

Regular dental exams are an important part of preventive health care. During a dental exam, the dentist or hygienist will clean your teeth and check for cavities and gum disease. A dental exam might also include dental X-rays (radiographs) or other diagnostic procedures.

Diabetes is a disorder where the body does not produce insulin or does not use it efficiently. Each type of diabetes has different risk factors to be aware of. Diabetes Risk Test is random blood sugar test. A blood sample will be taken at a random time.

The electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a noninvasive test that is used to reflect underlying heart conditions by measuring the electrical activity of the heart.

Executive Check Up is a personalized medical assessment, which determines the presence or absence of risk factors associated with diseases of high complexity through a series of tests and procedures of early detection and diagnosis, made by a highly qualified and experienced multidisciplinary medical team.

An eye exam involves a series of tests to evaluate your vision and check for eye diseases. Your eye doctor may use a variety of instruments, shine bright lights directly at your eyes and request that you look through an array of lenses. Each test during an eye exam evaluates a different aspect of your vision or eye health.

A gastroscopy is a procedure where a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope is used to look inside the oesophagus (gullet), stomach and first part of the small intestine (duodenum). It's also sometimes referred to as an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The endoscope has a light and a camera at one end.

The general medical examination is a common form of preventive medicine. Depending on your age, sex, and family medical history, a checkup with your doctor may include: Blood, urine, vision, and hearing tests to evaluate your overall health. Assessments of your blood pressure, cholesterol level, and weight.

A pelvic exam is an inspection of your external and internal genital areas, and an assessment of the health of your reproductive system and organs.

A hearing screening is the most basic form of testing your ability to hear. A hearing screening is generally a preliminary test to see if more in-depth testing needs to be done.

About Holter monitoring

Mammography is specialized medical imaging that uses a low-dose x-ray system to see inside the breasts. A mammography exam, called a mammogram, aids in the early detection and diagnosis of breast diseases in women.

The goal of screening for prostate cancer is to find cancers that may be at high risk for spreading if not treated, and to find them early before they spread. Screening for prostate cancer begins with a blood test called a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test. This test measures the level of PSA in the blood.

Polysomnography, also called a sleep study, is a test used to diagnose sleep disorders. Polysomnography records your brain waves, the oxygen level in your blood, heart rate and breathing, as well as eye and leg movements during the study.

A stress test, also called an exercise stress test, shows how your heart works during physical activity. A stress test usually involves walking on a treadmill or riding a stationary bike your heart rhythm, blood pressure and breathing are monitored.

Ultrasound scan is a medical test that uses high-frequency sound waves to capture live images from the inside of your body. It’s also known as sonography. An ultrasound allows your doctor to see problems with organs, vessels, and tissues without needing to make an incision. Unlike other imaging techniques, ultrasound uses no radiation. For this reason, it’s the preferred method for viewing a developing fetus during pregnancy.

Polycystic Kidney Disease. PKD causes numerous cysts to grow in the kidneys, the cysts are filled with fluid and if they grow excessively this will lead to kidney damage.

Glomerular Disease. Diseases that injure glomeruli (plural for glomerulus) are called glomerular diseases. Laboratory analysis of the urine from people who have glomerular disease often shows protein in the urine (proteinuria) and blood in the urine (hematuria).

Glomerulonephritis is a group of diseases that injure the part of the kidney that filters blood (called glomeruli).

Kidney cancer -- also called renal cancer -- is a disease in which kidney cells become malignant (cancerous) and grow out of control, forming a tumor. This type of kidney cancer is called renal cell carcinoma. The good news is that most of kidney cancers are found before they spread (metastasize) to distant organs.

Kidney dialysis is a treatment that does some of the things done by healthy kidneys. It is needed when your own kidneys can no longer take care of your body's needs.

Nephrectomy (nephro = kidney, ectomy = removal) is the surgical removal of a kidney. The procedure is done to treat kidney cancer as well as other kidney diseases and injuries. Nephrectomy is also done to remove a healthy kidney from a donor (either living or deceased) for transplantation.

Nephrectomy (nephro = kidney, ectomy = removal) is the surgical removal of a kidney. The procedure is done to treat kidney cancer as well as other kidney diseases and injuries. Nephrectomy is also done to remove a healthy kidney from a donor (either living or deceased) for transplantation.

A child may be born with a kidney condition or acquire one through disease or infection. Pediatric nephrology (kidney care) specialists evaluate and treat children and teens with kidney (renal) problems.

About Robot-assisted kidney transplantation

About Robotic kidney surgery

About Robotic kidney transplant

About Robotic kidney transplant surgery

About Robotic-Assisted Dual Kidney Surgery

About Robotic-Assisted Dual Kidney Transplant

About Robotic-assisted kidney transplant

About Robotic-Assisted Surgeries

About Single-port robotic kidney transplant

Renal vascular disease affects the blood flow into and out of the kidneys. It may cause kidney damage, kidney failure, and high blood pressure.

Motor neuron diseases--a group of progressive, degenerative nerve disorders that includes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig's disease) Diseases of the neuromuscular junction such as myasthenia gravis, a chronic but highly treatable condition causing weakness in the voluntary muscles.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a medical condition due to compression of the median nerve as it travels through the wrist at the carpal tunnel. The main symptoms are pain, numbness and tingling in the thumb, index finger, middle finger and the thumb side of the ring fingers.

About Diagnosis of occipital nerve

Epilepsy is a central nervous system (neurological) disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations, and sometimes loss of awareness.

A tension headache causes mild-to-moderate pain that is typically bilateral and nonpulsatile. Associated features are usually absent, but the headache may improve with physical activity. The most common triggers is stress. Depression and anxiety also play a role in tension and cluster headaches.

About Migraine Headache Consultation

About Migraine Headache MH Cure

About Migraine Headache Treatment

About Migraine surgery

About Nerve decompression surgery migraine

Neuro-oncology is the study of brain and spinal cord neoplasms, many of which are (at least eventually) very dangerous and life-threatening (astrocytoma, glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, ependymoma, pontine glioma, and brain stem tumors are among the many examples of these).

About Neurological examination

Neuropsychology is the study of the structure and function of the brain as they relate to specific psychological processes and behaviours.

About Nonsurgical occipital nerve treatment

About Occipital nerve decompression surgery

About Occipital neuralgia

About Occipital Release Surgery

Pediatric neurology or child neurology refers to a specialized branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and management of neurological conditions in neonates (newborns), infants, children and adolescents. ... Neurological developmental problems during childhood. Childhood epilepsy. Febrile seizures.

About Peripheral Occipital Nerve Decompression Surgery

Polysomnography and actigraphy are tests commonly ordered for some sleep disorders. Disruptions in sleep can be caused by a variety of issues, from teeth grinding (bruxism) to night terrors. When a person suffers from difficulty falling asleep and/or staying asleep with no obvious cause, it is referred to as insomnia.

Nonsurgical spinal decompression is a type of motorized traction that may help relieve back pain. Spinal decompression works by gently stretching the spine. ... As a result, bulging or herniated disks may retract, taking pressure off nerves and other structures in your spine.

About Surgery for Migraine Headache

About Surgical treatment for chronic migraine

Vagal nerve stimulation. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a medical treatment that involves delivering electrical impulses to the vagus nerve. It is used as an add-on treatment for certain types of intractable epilepsy and treatment-resistant depression.

In artificial disk replacement, worn or damaged disk material between the small bones in the spine (vertebrae) is removed and replaced with a synthetic or "artificial" disk. ... Total artificial disk replacements are mechanical devices that simulate spinal function.

In artificial disk replacement, worn or damaged disk material between the small bones in the spine (vertebrae) is removed and replaced with a synthetic or "artificial" disk. ... Total artificial disk replacements are mechanical devices that simulate spinal function.

Surgery for Brachial Plexus Injury. Brachial plexus injury refers to any damage to the bundle of connected nerves in the neck region of your spinal cord which send branches down into your shoulders, arms, and hands. This group of nerves is called the brachial plexus.

Surgery for Brachial Plexus Injury. Brachial plexus injury refers to any damage to the bundle of connected nerves in the neck region of your spinal cord which send branches down into your shoulders, arms, and hands. This group of nerves is called the brachial plexus.

About Brain Aneurysm Repair

Brain aneurysm repair is surgery to correct an aneurysm. This is a weak area in a blood vessel wall that causes the vessel to bulge or balloon out and sometimes burst (rupture). It may cause: Bleeding into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) around the brain (also called a subarachnoid hemorrhage) Bleeding into the brain that forms a collection of blood (hematoma)

The brain controls and coordinates conscious and unconscious body functions, as well as ‘higher’ functions such as memory, learning and thinking. Like any other part of the body, it is susceptible to bleeding, infection, trauma and other forms of damage. This damage or alteration in brain function sometimes requires brain surgery (neurosurgery) to diagnose or treat these problems.

A brain tumor is a mass or growth of abnormal cells in your brain. Many different types of brain tumors exist. Some brain tumors are noncancerous (benign), and some brain tumors are cancerous (malignant). Brain tumors can begin in your brain (primary brain tumors), or cancer can begin in other parts of your body and spread to your brain (secondary, or metastatic, brain tumors). How quickly a brain tumor grows can vary greatly. The growth rate as well as location of a brain tumor determines how it will affect the function of your nervous system. Brain tumor treatment options depend on the type of brain tumor you have, as well as its size and location.

A brain tumor is a mass or growth of abnormal cells in your brain. Many different types of brain tumors exist. Some brain tumors are noncancerous (benign), and some brain tumors are cancerous (malignant). Brain tumors can begin in your brain (primary brain tumors), or cancer can begin in other parts of your body and spread to your brain (secondary, or metastatic, brain tumors). How quickly a brain tumor grows can vary greatly. The growth rate as well as location of a brain tumor determines how it will affect the function of your nervous system. Brain tumor treatment options depend on the type of brain tumor you have, as well as its size and location.

About Craniotomy

Deep brain stimulation involves implanting electrodes within certain areas of your brain. These electrodes produce electrical impulses that regulate abnormal impulses. Or the electrical impulses can affect certain cells and chemicals within the brain. The amount of stimulation in deep brain stimulation is controlled by a pacemaker-like device placed under the skin in your upper chest. A wire that travels under your skin connects this device to the electrodes in your brain.

a condition in which fluid accumulates in the brain, typically in young children, enlarging the head and sometimes causing brain damage.

Laminectomy is surgery that creates space by removing the lamina — the back part of a vertebra that covers your spinal canal. Also known as decompression surgery, laminectomy enlarges your spinal canal to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves.

Laminectomy is surgery that creates space by removing the lamina — the back part of a vertebra that covers your spinal canal. Also known as decompression surgery, laminectomy enlarges your spinal canal to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves.

A spinal fusion surgery is designed to stop the motion at a painful vertebral segment, which in turn should decrease pain generated from the joint. There are many approaches to lumbar spinal fusion surgery, and all involve the following process: Adding bone graft to a segment of the spine; Set up a biological response that causes the bone graft to grow between the two vertebral elements to create a bone fusion; The boney fusion - which results in one fixed bone replacing a mobile joint - stops the motion at that joint segment

Lumbar decompression surgery is a type of surgery used to treat compressed nerves in the lower (lumbar) spine. ... The surgery aims to improve symptoms such as persistent pain and numbness in the legs caused by pressure on the nerves in the spine.

Lumbar decompression surgery is a type of surgery used to treat compressed nerves in the lower (lumbar) spine. ... The surgery aims to improve symptoms such as persistent pain and numbness in the legs caused by pressure on the nerves in the spine.

Microdiscectomy, also sometimes called microdecompression or microdiskectomy, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed on patients with a herniated lumbar disc. During this surgery, a surgeon will remove portions of the herniated disc to relieve pressure on the spinal nerve column

Microlumbar Discectomy (MLD) is an advanced surgical procedure used to treat individuals with Lumbar Disc Herniation Microlumbar Discectomy (MLD) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that uses a specialized surgical instrument that has an attached microscope to see the area of operation. During the procedure, the part of herniated disc that is damaged is removed This procedure uses a much smaller incision on the skin and does minimal damage to the tissues surrounding the herniated disc Minimally invasive procedure results in much few complications and rapid recovery to normal health The outcomes of this minimally invasive procedure is better than the traditional technique of open surgical approach

The philosophy and practice of minimally invasive surgery have fundamentally altered the practice of general and gynaecological surgery, and are currently transforming the practice of neurosurgery. The goal of minimally invasive surgery is to reduce tissue disruption and thus morbidity. This is a review of the development, applications, and benefits of minimally invasive neurosurgery, and its wider surgical implications

Neuroendoscopy is a minimally-invasive surgical procedure in which the neurosurgeon removes the tumor through small holes (about the size of a dime) in the skull or through the mouth or nose. Neuroendoscopy enables neurosurgeons to: Access areas of the brain that cannot be reached with traditional surgery Remove the tumor without cutting or harming other parts of the skull The neuroendoscopy is performed using an endoscope, a small telescope-like device equipped with a high-resolution video camera and eye piece on the end to allow the neurosurgeon to navigate and access the tumor. To remove a tumor or take a sample of it (a biopsy), neurosurgeons attach special instruments to the endoscope, often an additional endoscope with forceps and scissors on the end.

About Neurosurgery Consultation

Pediatric neurosurgeons concentrate on the special surgical problems of children involving the brain, spine or peripheral nerves. We care for infants, children, and adolescents, and also help to counsel parents expecting a baby who may have been diagnosed before birth with a neurosurgical problem.

The Peripheral Nerve Surgery program specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of a variety of peripheral nerve disorders including injuries (such as trauma in accidents, lacerations), entrapments (such as carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome or tarsal tunnel syndrome), and tumors (such as schwannoma or neurofibroma).

Growth Hormone–Producing Pituitary Tumors. Treatment may include the following: Surgery (usually transsphenoidal or endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery) to remove the tumor, with or without radiation therapy. Drug therapy to stop the tumor from making growth hormone.

Radiofrequency (RF) rhizotomy or neurotomy is a therapeutic procedure designed to decrease and/or eliminate pain symptoms arising from degenerative facet joints within the spine. The procedure involves destroying the nerves that innervate the facet joints with highly localized heat generated with radiofrequency.

About Skull Base Surgery

Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure used to correct problems with the small bones in the spine (vertebrae). It is essentially a "welding" process. The basic idea is to fuse together two or more vertebrae so that they heal into a single, solid bone.

Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure used to correct problems with the small bones in the spine (vertebrae). It is essentially a "welding" process. The basic idea is to fuse together two or more vertebrae so that they heal into a single, solid bone.

Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spaces within your spine, which can put pressure on the nerves that travel through the spine. Spinal stenosis occurs most often in the lower back and the neck.

Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spaces within your spine, which can put pressure on the nerves that travel through the spine. Spinal stenosis occurs most often in the lower back and the neck.

Spinal fusion is surgery to join two or more vertebrae into one single structure. The goal is to stop movement between the two bones and prevent back pain. Once they’re fused, they no longer move like they used to. This keeps you from stretching nearby nerves, ligaments, and muscles that may have caused discomfort.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) uses many precisely focused radiation beams to treat tumors and other problems in the brain, neck, lungs, liver, spine and other parts of the body. It is not surgery in the traditional sense because there's no incision. Instead, stereotactic radiosurgery uses 3D imaging to target high doses of radiation to the affected area with minimal impact on the surrounding healthy tissue. Like other forms of radiation, stereotactic radiosurgery works by damaging the DNA of the targeted cells. The affected cells then lose the ability to reproduce, which causes tumors to shrink. Stereotactic radiosurgery of the brain and spine is typically completed in a single session. Body radiosurgery is used to treat lung, liver, adrenal and other soft tissue tumors, and treatment typically involves multiple (three to five) sessions. When doctors use stereotactic radiosurgery to treat tumors in areas of the body other than the brain, it's sometimes called stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) or stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR).

Endovascular neurosurgery is a subspecialty within neurosurgery. It uses catheters and radiology to diagnose and treat various conditions and diseases of the central nervous system. The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord. ... Interventional neuroradiology is a subspecialty within radiology.

Anterior cervical discectomy with fusion, or ACDF, is a surgery designed to relieve spinal cord or nerve root pressure in the neck by removing all or part of a damaged disc. This procedure starts with a one- to two-inch incision in the front of the neck.

About Breast Biopsy

About Breast Exam

About Cervical Biopsy

Cervical conization refers to an excision of a cone-shaped sample of tissue from the mucous membrane of the cervix. Conization may be used either for diagnostic purposes as part of a biopsy, or for therapeutic purposes to remove pre-cancerous cells.

Cervical conization refers to an excision of a cone-shaped sample of tissue from the mucous membrane of the cervix. Conization may be used either for diagnostic purposes as part of a biopsy, or for therapeutic purposes to remove pre-cancerous cells.

Cervical polyps are growths on the cervical canal, the passage that connects the uterus to the vagina. They’re often reddish, purplish, or grayish in color. They may be shaped like a finger, bulb, or thin stem. They can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters long.

Cervical polyps are growths on the cervical canal, the passage that connects the uterus to the vagina. They’re often reddish, purplish, or grayish in color. They may be shaped like a finger, bulb, or thin stem. They can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters long.

A colposcopy is a method of examining the cervix, vagina, and vulva with a surgical instrument called a colposcope. The procedure is usually performed if the results of your Pap smear (the screening test used to identify abnormal cervical cells) are unusual.

A colposcopy is a method of examining the cervix, vagina, and vulva with a surgical instrument called a colposcope. The procedure is usually performed if the results of your Pap smear (the screening test used to identify abnormal cervical cells) are unusual.

Cystoscopy is a procedure that allows your doctor to examine the lining of your bladder and the tube that carries urine out of your body (urethra). A hollow tube (cystoscope) equipped with a lens is inserted into your urethra and slowly advanced into your bladder.

Diagnostic laparoscopy is a surgical procedure that doctors use to view a woman's reproductive organs. A laparoscope, a thin viewing tube similar to a telescope, is passed through a small incision (cut) in the abdomen.

Dilation and curettage (D&C) is a procedure to remove tissue from inside your uterus. Doctors perform dilation and curettage to diagnose and treat certain uterine conditions — such as heavy bleeding — or to clear the uterine lining after a miscarriage or abortion.

About Endometrial Biopsy

About Endometriosis Treatment

An exploratory laparotomy (also known as an ex-lap) is a surgical operation where the abdomen is opened and the abdominal organs examined for injury or disease.

About Female Sterilization

About Gynecologic Laparoscopy

A pelvic exam is an inspection of your external and internal genital areas, and an assessment of the health of your reproductive system and organs.

A pelvic exam is an inspection of your external and internal genital areas, and an assessment of the health of your reproductive system and organs.

Gynecologic oncology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on cancers of the female reproductive system, including ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, and vulvar cancer.

About Gynecology Checkup

About Gynecology Consultation

About Hysterectomy

Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows your doctor to look inside your uterus in order to diagnose and treat causes of abnormal bleeding. Hysteroscopy is done using a hysteroscope, a thin, lighted tube that is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus.

Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows your doctor to look inside your uterus in order to diagnose and treat causes of abnormal bleeding. Hysteroscopy is done using a hysteroscope, a thin, lighted tube that is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus.

About Intrauterine Device (IUD) Removal

Myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove uterine fibroids — also called leiomyomas. These common noncancerous growths appear in the uterus, usually during childbearing years, but they can occur at any age.

Myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove uterine fibroids — also called leiomyomas. These common noncancerous growths appear in the uterus, usually during childbearing years, but they can occur at any age.

An oophorectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or both of your ovaries. Your ovaries are almond-shaped organs that sit on each side of the uterus in your pelvis. Your ovaries contain eggs and produce hormones that control your menstrual cycle.

An oophorectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or both of your ovaries. Your ovaries are almond-shaped organs that sit on each side of the uterus in your pelvis. Your ovaries contain eggs and produce hormones that control your menstrual cycle.

Ovarian cyst removal (Ovarian cystectomy) is a gynecologic procedure for removing a cyst(s) from the ovaries.

Ovarian cyst removal (Ovarian cystectomy) is a gynecologic procedure for removing a cyst(s) from the ovaries.

About Ovarian Tumor Removal

Pelvic floor reconstruction is a group of various surgical procedures used to treat pelvic organ prolapse, a condition that occurs when the muscles of the pelvic floor are weakened or damaged, often due to childbirth.

Perinatology is a subspecialty of obstetrics concerned with the care of the mother and fetus at higher-than-normal risk for complications.

Reproductive endocrinology and infertility (REI) is a surgical subspecialty of obstetrics and gynecology that trains physicians in reproductive medicine addressing hormonal functioning as it pertains to reproduction as well as the issue of infertility.

Tubal ligation is a surgical procedure that permanently closes or blocks your fallopian tubes. ... When the fallopian tubes are blocked after a tubal ligation, sperm can't get to an egg and cause pregnancy.

About Tubal Ligation Reversal

Urinary incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine. It means a person urinates when they do not want to. Control over the urinary sphincter is either lost or weakened. Urinary incontinence is a common problem that affects many people.

Hysterectomy, in the literal sense of the word, means merely removal of the uterus. However other organs such as ovaries, fallopian tubes and the cervix are very frequently removed as part of the surgery. Radical hysterectomy: complete removal of the uterus, cervix, upper vagina, and parametrium.

About Vulvectomy

AMD is a common eye condition and a leading cause of vision loss among people age 50 and older. It causes damage to the macula, a small spot near the center of the retina and the part of the eye needed for sharp, central vision, which lets us see objects that are straight ahead.

Amniotic membrane is the innermost layer of the placenta consisting of a thick basement membrane and an avascular stromal matrix. It can been used as a graft and as a dressing to facilitate ocular surface reconstruction and to promote healing.

Anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, also known as anti-VEGF therapy or anti-VEGF medication, is the use of medications that block vascular endothelial growth factor. This is done in the treatment of certain cancers and in age-related macular degeneration.

Artificial cornea is an option for transplant patients who cannot tolerate a human donor cornea.

Astigmatism is an imperfection in the curvature of your eye's cornea or lens. Normally, the cornea and lens are smooth and curved equally in all directions. This helps to focus light rays sharply onto the retina at the back of your eye. When your cornea has an irregular shape, you have corneal astigmatism.

Superficial debridement or lamellar keratectomy in band keratopathy is usually effective in restoring normal vision. Although medical therapy is ineffective in treating band keratopathy, underlying conditions associated with elevated levels of calcium or phosphate should be treated to prevent deposition from recurring.

Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by abnormal blinking or spasms of the eyelids.

An orbital blowout fracture is a traumatic deformity of the orbital floor or medial wall, typically resulting from impact of a blunt object larger than the orbital aperture, or eye socket.

Capsulotomy is a type of eye surgery in which an incision is made into the capsule of the crystalline lens of the eye.

In cataract surgery, the lens inside your eye that has become cloudy is removed and replaced with an artificial lens (called an intraocular lens, or IOL) to restore clear vision.

In cataract surgery, the lens inside your eye that has become cloudy is removed and replaced with an artificial lens (called an intraocular lens, or IOL) to restore clear vision.

In cataract surgery, the lens inside your eye that has become cloudy is removed and replaced with an artificial lens (called an intraocular lens, or IOL) to restore clear vision.

A chalazion is a benign, painless bump or nodule inside the upper or lower eyelid. Chalazia (plural for chalazion) result from healed internal styes that no longer are infectious. These cyst-like nodules form around an oil gland (meibomian) within the eyelid, resulting in red, swollen eyelids.

Conjunctiva cyst removal is a surgery performed to remove cysts ( a thin sac filled with fluids) formed on the surface of the conjunctiva of the eye (white surface covering the eyeball) if they cannot be treated with eye drops or medication.

Corneal cross-linking (CXL) is an in-office eye procedure that strengthens the cornea if it's been weakened by keratoconus, other corneal disease, or (rarely) a complication of LASIK surgery. Alternative and brand names for the procedure include corneal cross-linking, corneal collagen cross-linking, C3-R, CCL and KXL.

Corneal Abrasion. The cornea is the clear area in the center of the front of the eye through which we see. When the cornea is scratched, the injury is called a corneal abrasion. Most of the time, small corneal abrasions will heal in a few days. A doctor may prescribe drops.

A pachymeter is a medical device used to measure the thickness of the eye's cornea. It is used to perform corneal pachymetry prior to refractive surgery, for Keratoconus screening, LRI surgery and is useful in screening for patients suspected of developing glaucoma among other uses.

Corneal topography, also known as photokeratoscopy or videokeratography, is a non-invasive medical imaging technique for mapping the surface curvature of the cornea, the outer structure of the eye.

A cornea transplant (keratoplasty) is a surgical procedure to replace part of your cornea with corneal tissue from a donor. Your cornea is the transparent, dome-shaped surface of your eye that accounts for a large part of your eye's focusing power.

Retinal detachment describes an emergency situation in which a thin layer of tissue (the retina) at the back of the eye pulls away from the layer of blood vessels that provides it with oxygen and nutrients. Retinal detachment is often accompanied by flashes and floaters in your vision.

Diabetic retinopathy involves changes to retinal blood vessels that can cause them to bleed or leak fluid, distorting vision. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of vision loss among people with diabetes and a leading cause of blindness among working-age adults.

Entropion/Ectropion Repair. Ectropion is the most common lower eyelid malposition. It is often an aging change resulting in eyelid laxity allowing the lid to sag away from the eye. Mild cases may not visibly turn away from the eye but can cause tearing, irritation, and/or dryness of the cornea.

Enucleation is the removal of the eye that leaves the eye muscles and remaining orbital contents intact. This type of ocular surgery is indicated for a number of ocular tumors, in eyes that have suffered severe trauma, and in eyes that are otherwise blind and painful.

Exophthalmos (also called exophthalmus, exophthalmia, proptosis, or exorbitism) is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Exophthalmos can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Graves' disease) or unilateral (as is often seen in an orbital tumor).

Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) is a category of eye surgery in which the lens of the eye is removed while the elastic capsule that covers the lens is left partially intact to allow implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL).

Cancer of the eye is uncommon. It can affect the outer parts of the eye, such as the eyelid, which are made up of muscles, skin and nerves. If the cancer starts inside the eyeball it's called intraocular cancer. The most common intraocular cancers in adults are melanoma and lymphoma.

An eye exam involves a series of tests to evaluate your vision and check for eye diseases. Your eye doctor may use a variety of instruments, shine bright lights directly at your eyes and request that you look through an array of lenses. Each test during an eye exam evaluates a different aspect of your vision or eye health.

An eye exam involves a series of tests to evaluate your vision and check for eye diseases. Your eye doctor may use a variety of instruments, shine bright lights directly at your eyes and request that you look through an array of lenses. Each test during an eye exam evaluates a different aspect of your vision or eye health.

Eye muscle surgery is a surgery to correct strabismus (eye misalignment) or nystagmus (eye wiggling). The surgery involves moving one or more of the eye muscles to adjust the position of the eye or eyes. Eye muscle surgery requires general anesthesia to make your child sleep during the procedure.

Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to your eye's optic nerve and gets worse over time. It's often linked to a buildup of pressure inside your eye. Glaucoma tends to be inherited and may not show up until later in life.

Intracorneal ring segments (ICRS) are small synthetic im- plements designed to achieve refractive adjustment by flattening the cornea.

Intraocular lenses (IOLs) are medical devices that are implanted inside the eye to replace the eye's natural lens when it is removed during cataract surgery.

An intravitreal injection is a shot of medicine into the eye. The inside of the eye is filled with a jelly-like fluid (vitreous). During this procedure, your health care provider injects medicine into the vitreous, near the retina at the back of the eye.

An iridectomy, also known as a surgical iridectomy or corectomy, is the surgical removal of part of the iris.

A cataract surgery–type incision is made at the site of iridodialysis or iris disinsertion. A double-armed, 10-0 polypropylene suture is passed through the iris root, out through the angle, and tied on the surface of the globe under a partial-thickness scleral flap.

Intraocular lenses (IOLs) are medical devices that are implanted inside the eye to replace the eye's natural lens when it is removed during cataract surgery.

This is generally lost as the person ages or following cataract surgery wherein the natural lens is replaced with a monofocal intraocular lens. Presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses (IOLs) including MFIOLs provide spectacle independence for both near and distance vision.

This is generally lost as the person ages or following cataract surgery wherein the natural lens is replaced with a monofocal intraocular lens. Presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses (IOLs) including MFIOLs provide spectacle independence for both near and distance vision.

LASEK is an eye surgery that combines many of the benefits of other vision correction surgeries. Laser epithelial keratomileusis, or LASEK, combines benefits of the two most commonly performed procedures LASIK and PRK.

LASIK, which stands for laser in-situ keratomileusis, is a popular surgery used to correct vision in people who are nearsighted, farsighted, or have astigmatism.

Neuro-ophthalmology focuses on conditions caused by brain or systemic abnormalities that result in visual disturbances, among other symptoms.

An ocular prosthesis, artificial eye or glass eye is a type of craniofacial prosthesis that replaces an absent natural eye following an enucleation, evisceration, or orbital exenteration. The prosthesis fits over an orbital implant and under the eyelids.

Oculofacial plastics is a specialized form of surgery that focuses on aesthetic and reconstructive aspects of the face, eyelids, the brow, orbital bones, tear duct system, and nose.

Ophthalmology consultation is one of the commonest requested services for inpatients before undergoing any eye surgery or treatment. The ophthalmologist will discuss any of the patient's concerns and will examine the eyes.

Pediatric ophthalmology is a sub-speciality of ophthalmology concerned with eye diseases, visual development, and vision care in children.

Phacoemulsification is a modern cataract surgery in which the eye's internal lens is emulsified with an ultrasonic handpiece and aspirated from the eye. Aspirated fluids are replaced with irrigation of balanced salt solution to maintain the anterior chamber.

PRK (photorefractive keratectomy) is a type of refractive surgery to correct myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness) and astigmatism. PRK was the first type of laser eye surgery for vision correction and is the predecessor to the popular LASIK procedure.

Pneumatic retinopexy is an effective surgery for certain types of retinal detachments . It uses a bubble of gas to push the retina against the wall of the eye, allowing fluid to be pumped out from beneath the retina. It is usually an outpatient procedure done with local anesthesia.

Presbyopia is a condition associated with the aging of the eye that results in progressively worsening ability to focus clearly on close objects

A pterygium (plural, pterygia) is a type of noncancerous growth on your eye. Pterygium, also known as surfer's eye, causes the eye to become, dry, itchy, red, watery, and in some cases, it may affect the vision. The condition is acquired by excessive exposure to the sun, wind or dusty conditions.

Pathologic droopy eyelid, also called ptosis, may occur due to trauma, age, or various medical disorders.Adults get ptosis (called involutional ptosis) when the levator muscle stretches or separates away from their eyelid. This can be caused by aging or an eye injury. Sometimes ptosis happens as a side effect after certain eye surgery. Rarely, diseases or tumors can affect the eyelid muscle, causing ptosis. This condition is sometimes called "lazy eye", but that term normally refers to the condition amblyopia.

Corneal erosion affects the cornea, the clear dome covering the front of the eye. ... If the problem occurs repeatedly, it is called recurrent corneal erosion. ... Without treatment, your eyes may continue to experience this erosion.

Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is a newer type of laser refractive surgery. This kind of surgery uses a laser to treat myopia (nearsightedness) a specific refractive error.

Retinoblastoma treatment may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, laser therapy, heat or cold therapy or surgery to remove the eye.

Sub-Bowman keratomileusis (SBK) is sometimes referred to as “bladeless LASIK” and is used to treat farsightedness (hyperopia), nearsightedness (myopia), presbyopia, and astigmatism. Combined with wavefront technology used to map the surface and interior of the entire eye, it is more precise than ever.

Scleral buckling surgery is a common way to treat retinal detachment. It is a method of closing breaks and flattening the retina. A scleral buckle is a piece of silicone sponge, rubber, or semi-hard plastic that your eye doctor (ophthalmologist) places on the outside of the eye (the sclera, or the white of the eye).

Squint (also known as strabismus) is a condition that arises because of an incorrect balance of the muscles that move the eye, faulty nerve signals to the eye muscles and focusing faults (usually long sight). Many children with squints have poor vision in the affected eye.

Staphyloma is the term given to an eye whose scleral-uveal coats are stretched with the uveal protrusion. This most commonly occurs posteriorly, although anterior staphyloma also is recognized. As opposed to coloboma, staphyloma defect is located off-center from the optic disk, typically temporal to the disk.

Strabismus is a visual problem in which the eyes are not aligned properly and point in different directions. One eye may look straight ahead, while the other eye turns inward, outward, upward, or downward. The eye turn may be consistent, or it may come and go. Which eye is straight (and which is misaligned) may switch or alternate.

A trabeculectomy is a surgical procedure to treat glaucoma. Glaucoma occurs when the fluid your eye produces, called aqueous humor, is unable to drain normally. This causes the intraocular pressure (IOP) to increase over time, possibly resulting in vision loss or blindness if left untreated.

Uveitis is a broad term for many problems with your eye. What they have in common is eye inflammation and swelling that can destroy eye tissues. That destruction can lead to poor vision or blindness. The word “uveitis” is used because the swelling most often affects the part of your eye called the uvea.

Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure undertaken by a specialist where the vitreous humor gel that fills the eye cavity is removed to provide better access to the retina. This allows for a variety of repairs, including the removal of scar tissue, laser repair of retinal detachments and treatment of macular holes.

A vitrectomy is an operation to remove the vitreous gel from the inside of the eye. This is necessary in order to carry out procedures that cannot be performed with the fluid in its place. The vitreous is a clear jelly-like substance which occupies about two-thirds of the eye, lying between the lens and the retina. Composed of over 99% water, it also contains collagen fibres, proteins and hyaluronan.

An abscess is a pus-filled fluid sac that grows in a cavity on your skin.

The Achilles tendon is the largest tendon in the body. It connects your calf muscles to your heel bone and is used when you walk, run, and jump. Although the Achilles tendon can withstand great stresses from running and jumping, it is vulnerable to injury. An Achilles tendon injury can happen to anyone, whether you're an athlete or just going about your everyday life.

Surgery for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries involves reconstructing or repairing the ACL. ACL reconstruction surgery uses a graft to replace the ligament. The most common grafts are autografts using part of your own body, such as the tendon of the kneecap (patellar tendon) or one of the hamstring tendons.

Acromioclavicular Joint Repair (The AC Joint)

Ankle Arthroscopy

Ankle Arthroscopy

Ankle Fracture Treatment

Ankle Fracture Treatment

An ankle replacement involves taking out the worn-out ends of your tibia and talus bones and replacing them with aman-made (artificial) ends made out of plastic or metal. Unlike an ankle fusion, a replacement allows you to move your joint after surgery.

Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure orthopaedic surgeons use to visualize, diagnose, and treat problems inside a joint. The word arthroscopy comes from two Greek words, "arthro" (joint) and "skopein" (to look).

Artificial Limb Services

Avascular Necrosis (AVN) Treatment

Baker's Cyst Treatment

Benign Bone Tumor Removal

Benign Bone Tumor Removal

Bone Fracture Treatment

Bone Fracture Treatment

Boutonniere Deformity Treatment

Bow Legs Treatment

Bunion removal is a surgical procedure that corrects a deformed area of the foot near the big toe. Bunion removal is sometimes called a bunionectomy, bunion surgery, or hallux valgus correction.

Bunion removal is a surgical procedure that corrects a deformed area of the foot near the big toe. Bunion removal is sometimes called a bunionectomy, bunion surgery, or hallux valgus correction.

Carpal tunnel surgery has become a standard surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome, a problem that occurs when the median nerve gets chronically pinched at the wrist.

Carpal tunnel surgery has become a standard surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome, a problem that occurs when the median nerve gets chronically pinched at the wrist.

Cervical Fracture Treatment

Cervical spinal fusion (arthrodesis) is a surgery that joins selected bones in the neck (cervical spine).

Cervical Strain Treatment

Chondroma Treatment

Clubfoot Treatment

Coccydynia Treatment

Compartment Syndrome Treatment

Congenital Hip Dislocation Treatment

Corns are similar to calluses. They're formed from a build-up of dead skin cells that create thick, hardened areas on your feet.

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

De Quervain Syndrome Treatment

Deformity correction is the surgical adjustment or modification of bone that grows incorrectly as the result of a disease or condition. Spinal deformity correction surgery can be used to help patients with scoliosis, kyphosis, trauma, or other conditions that affect the spine, such as ankylosing spondylitis.

Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure orthopaedic surgeons use to visualize, diagnose, and treat problems inside a joint. The word arthroscopy comes from two Greek words, "arthro" (joint) and "skopein" (to look).

In total elbow replacement surgery, the damaged parts of the humerus and ulna are replaced with artificial components. The artificial elbow joint is made up of a metal and plastic hinge with two metal stems. The stems fit inside the hollow part of the bone called the canal.

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a treatment mostly used to treat kidney stones and in physical therapy and orthopedics.